Information technology and information systems have been generally recognized as one of the greatest human inventions of modern times. Information system (IS) is an organized combination of people, hardware, software, communication networks and data resources that collect, transform, and disseminate information in an organization [38]. As IS are being developed and deployed, research on their strategic utilization have been continuously studied by researchers and scholars. Accordingly, various models and frameworks have been proposed to evaluate the strategic utilization of IS. However, past researchers have paid little attention on factors that contribute towards strategic utilization of IS. Against this concern, this paper attempts to provide a conceptual understanding of the contribution of organizational, technological and environmental factors on the strategic utilization of information s ystems measured in terms of product differentiation, cost leadership and growth advantage. Based on the proposed model, several propositions are formulated as a basis for the study that will follow.

Knowledge is recognised as an important asset in any organisations these days. Unfortunately, many organisations are not doing enough to effectively manage this important asset in creating and maintaining their competitive advantage. The objective of this study was to investigate the implementation of knowledge management in a government research institute in Selangor, Malaysia. This explorative study employs both quantitative and qualitative approaches to achieve the research objectives. A set of questionnaires was developed using online survey software. This set was sent to 96 respondents from five divisions based on a simple random sampling method. The questionnaires comprised items that were used to investigate the understanding and awareness of KM in the chosen organisation. The data were analysed using the Lime Survey statistic, Chi Squared tests and Reliability analysis. For the qualitative component, the interview method was used. This method was conducted to determine the KM process implementation in the organisation and focuses on the Knowledge Management Section (KMS). The interview data were analysed using ATLAS.ti software. The results showed that three main factors affected knowledge management implementation in the company; namely, organisation, people and technology. We suggest that a need exists within any organisation to strengthen the implementation process to successfully obtain the benefits of knowledge management in creating and sustaining competitive advantage.

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Actively in research activities is one of the methods to enhance the academicians' intellectual capability. Therefore, the objective of the study is to investigate the influence of information communication technology (ICT) on the academicians' sharing research idea behavior. The qualitative approach and multiple case study method were used to fulfill the study's objective. The theory of planned behavior by Ajzen [3] was used to determine academicians' sharing research idea behavior. The findings showed that information technology infrastructure, information technology for knowledge sharing and codification technology influence academicians' attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control and intention to share their research idea.Keywords--knowledge sharing; sharing research idea behavior; information communication technology, Theory of Planned behavior, attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, intention. I.978-1-4673-4617-7/12/$31.00 ©2012 IEEE

Objective - The purpose of this study is to identify the impacts of implementing a marketing mix on the use of library services towards library users' satisfaction. Methodology/Technique - This study will be conducted in quantitative method. Primary data will be obtained by distributing of questionnaires survey of the library users and will be analysed using SPSS, while secondary data will be collected from analysis of literature from previous study. Findings - The marketing mix has a positive influence on the usage of library services towards library users' satisfaction. Novelty - This study is about marketing in library services which will increase the awareness of available library services among library users, and thus lead to library users' satisfaction. Type of Paper - Conceptual Keywords: Library Services; Marketing; Marketing Libraries; Marketing Mix; Users' Satisfaction.