Painting, music, literature, and other art forms embody the essence of human wisdom and induce esthetic experience, among which poetry is inherently creative, because it contains a wealth of symbols, imageries, insights, and so forth. The appreciation and learning of Chinese poetry is an important part of the curriculum in secondary schools. However, studies have mainly focused on textual characters of poetry, with little literature focusing on esthetic appreciation and in-depth learning of poetry. In this vein, we ask whether emotional designs will promote the appreciation and learning of Chinese poetry. To answer this question, we explored the influence of the combination of external emotion induction (positive and neutral movie clips) and internal colorful design (chromatic and achromatic) on esthetic preference and learning of poetry. One hundred and sixty-six participants (14–15 years old) were randomly assigned to one of four conditions created by two factors (external emotion induction and internal colorful design). The results showed that the combination of external emotion induction and internal colorful design promoted positive emotions, retention, and transfer performances of learners. Furthermore, perceived difficulty of learners decreased significantly when external emotional induction and internal colorful design were both positive. Consequently, these findings indicated that emotional designs in multimedia facilitated the learning performance of middle school students in Chinese poetry, and supported the cognitive-affective theory of learning with media. This research was a preliminary exploration of emotional design in humanities.
When humans are confronted with an epidemic situation or a continuous natural disaster, success depends largely on how critical information is conveyed to as many people as possible, how individuals' emotional experiences of the crisis are elicited, and how their behaviors are directed going forward. Efficient publicity is key to successful epidemic prevention and control. This study explores the role of creative publicity by comparing the influence of creative publicity and general publicity in different periods of the COVID-19 outbreak in China. The effects of creative and general publicity differed across varying periods of the COVID-19 outbreak. Specifically, compared to general publicity, creative publicity had a significant impact on individuals' emotional arousal in the early period of the COVID-19 outbreak while it significantly promoted individuals' emotional arousal, behavioral regulation, and willingness to actively disseminate information in the middle period. In the stable period of the COVID-19 outbreak, creative publicity performed better than general publicity in regulating individuals' behavior. On the other hand, general publicity was more effective than creative publicity in regulating individuals' behavior and actively disseminating information about the epidemic in the early period of the COVID-19 outbreak. In conclusion, creative and general publicity had differing effects in different periods of the COVID-19 outbreak, which may relate to the characteristics of the publicity format and people's psychological conditions in different periods of the COVID-19 outbreak.
In the field of emotional language research, emotional words have always been the main stimulus for researchers to explore the cognitive mechanisms underlying emotional language processing. In previous studies, most of the emotion-label words (e.g., nausea) and emotion-laden words (e.g., corpse) were collectively referred to as emotion words without distinguishing between the two categories. The main purpose of this study was to explore the emotion effect and cognitive processing mechanism between emotion-label word and emotion-laden word, including two experiments. In experiment 1, An Affective Simon Task was administered to explore the emotion effects of two valence (positive and negative) emotion-label words and emotion-laden words. The results showed that the emotion-label words, regardless of the valence, induced significant Simon effects, while the emotion-laden words only showed Simon effects on the negative valence, which initially proved that the two types of words had different emotional effect. Experiment 2 further explored the cognitive processing mechanism of emotion-label words and emotion-laden words by employing event-related potential (ERP) technology. The ERP data revealed that (1) regardless of the valence, emotion-label words were elicited larger P100 than emotion-laden words and mainly appear in the left posterior sites, (2) regardless of the valence, emotion-laden words elicited larger N170 than emotion-label words, and there was no hemispheric difference, (3) regardless of the valence, emotion-label word and emotion-laden words elicited in similar Late Positivity Complex (LPC) in central sites. According to the current findings, emotion-label words and emotion-laden words had significant differences in emotion effect and cognitive processing. The emotional information in emotion-label words was perceived earlier, while the emotional information in emotion-laden words had stronger physiological activation.
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