Metal injection molding (MIM) is a relatively recent technological process used in the powder metallurgy industry, which is highly efficient and useful for the manufacture of large quantities of small and complex metal components. MIM consists of four basic steps consisting of mixing, injection molding, debinding, and sintering. Sintering to compact and increase the strength of metal powders and experience shrinkage (shrinkage). The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal combination of the MIM sintering process for the proportion of shrinkage defects by adding parameters Sn (%), temperature (℃), and holding time (hours). This study used an experimental design with the Taguchi method. The contribution factor obtained that the addition of the Sn parameter did not have a significant effect on the shrinkage of 14.48%, the temperature parameter had a significant effect on the shrinkage proportion of 68.92%, and the holding time parameter did not have a significant effect on the proportion of depreciation with a percentage of 6.27%. From the results, the optimal combination is the addition of Sn at level 3 (2%), the temperature at level 1 (450 ℃), and holding time at level 1 (1 hour).
Additive manufacturing (AM) has been trending topic in industrial revolution 4.0. One technique and the most widely used AM is fused deposition modeling (FDM), which uses a melted filament and deposited it layer by layer. The common filaments used are made of PLA, PP, and ABS, which are available at the online market with variety of prices depend on the quality. It is an advantage if we can make these filaments. In filament manufacturing, the dimensional accuracy is one of the most important factors to comply with the existing 3D printers. The aim of this research is to fabricate a filament made of PP, then assessed the quality based on the accuaray of the targeted diameter of 1.75 mm. The manufacturing process used a self-made plastic extrusion machine. Variations were made on three variables with three levels each. There are (i) heater band temperature with a minimum and maximum range (150/170 oC, 155/175 oC and 160/180 oC), (ii) winding speed (13 mm/s, 16 mm/,s and 19 mm/s), and (iii) roll distance to the nozzle set point (200 mm, 500 mm and 700 mm). Taguchi L9 design was used to design the experiments and analysis.Minitab 19 was employed to find the S/N ratio and analysis the variance (ANOVA). The results of the analysis state that two parameters have a significant effect on the dimensions of the filament, i.e. temperature and roll distance to the nozzle, while, the winding speed has no dominat effect. The best accuracy of filaments diameter was achieved when applying a combination of temperature (160/180 ⁰C), the distance between the nozzle to the roll of 700 mm, and winding speed of 13 mm/s.
Metal injection molding (MIM) is a metal forming technique that combines powder metallurgy with plastic injection molding. MIM is very efficient in manufacturing small and complex products in large quantities. The MIM process has four steps: mixing, debinding, injection molding, and sintering. This research was conducted to determine the effect of variations in Sn addition, temperature, and holding time on the density of Al-PP products after the sintering process. Density is mass per volume so to find out the volume of Al-PP products, the use of a 3D scanner was attempted along with the EinScan application and a mesh mixer. The Taguchi method was used for data processing to determine the influence of variations in Sn addition, temperature, and holding time on density. The calculation of the percentage contribution showed that variations in Sn addition, temperature, and holding time affected density by 47%, 21%, and 3%. Also, 2% Sn addition yielded a reasonably good microstructure formation compared to without Sn addition and 1% Sn addition, where many voids remained in the specimen (the more significant the voids, the lower the density).
Plastik mulai banyak diminati di kalangan masyarakat. Penyebabnya adalah faktor kebutuhan akan penggunaan plastik, serta adanya kemajuan teknologi manufaktur dari material itu sendiri. Dalam hal ini industri plastik harus terus meningkatkan produksinya baik dalam hal kualitas maupun kuantitas. Untuk menghasilkan produk plastik yang berkualitas ada beberapa mesin yang digunakan. Pada penelitian ini mesin yang digunakan adalah mesin blow molding BM 01, yang bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk botol 215 ml. Selain itu untuk menghasilkan produk botol 215 ml, hal yang perlu diperhatikan adalah bagaimana setting parameter barrel temperature, blowing time dan blowing pressure untuk menghasilkan volume yang optimum yaitu sesuai target. Tahap pengolahan data menggunakan metode respon permukaan, dengan tujuan mempermudah mendapatkan nilai optimal dari masing-masing parameter yang diduga berpengaruh dalam hasil produksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variabel yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap volume botol adalah barrel temperature dengan koefisien regresi penduga bernilai positif sebesar 5,000, Sedangkan pengaruh terkecil adalah pada blowing time dengan koefisien regresi penduga sebesar 0,167. Untuk mencapai volume sesuai target yaitu 215 ml, dibutuhkan parameter blowing pressure sebesar 6,0 bar, blowing time sebesar 6,0 s dan barrel temperature sebesar 206oC.
HCS (Hydrocarbon Cracking System) merupakan suatu inovasi untuk meningkatkan torsi dan daya bakar. dengan pipa katalis tembaga yang digunakan sebagai alat untuk mempercepat proses cracking bahan bakar yang masuk pada ruang bakar. Penelitian ini bertujuan u ntuk memperoleh data perbandingan unjuk kerja motor bakar 4 langkah dengan variasi panjang pipa katalis dengan kondisi standarts sebagai pembanding.dalam penelitian dilakukan dengan pengujian yaitu torsi. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan Daya maksimal motor terjadi pada kondisi tanpa katalis dengan nilai 11.9 Hp pada putaran mesin 9552 rpm, sedangkan dengan penambahan daya mengalami penurunan karena bahan bakar yang masuk pada ruang bahan tidak sepenuhnya berbentuk cair sehingga penurunan efisiensi vo lumetrik juga disebabkan karena volume bahan bakar yang dibutuhkan lebih besar dalam campuran asupan. Nilai torsi mengalami peningkatan dengan penggunaan pipa katalis, torsi teringgi terjadi pada kondisi pipa katalis dengan panjang 200 mm dengan torsi sebesar 9,32 Nm pada RPM 3040. Untuk katalis dengan panjang 150 mm dan 100 mm nilai torsi yang didapat adalah 9,23 Nm dan 9,16 Nm, sedangakan pada kondisi standart torsi hanya 9,13 Nm. Proses cracking akan terjadi pemecahan molekul - molekul senyawa hidrokarbon yang besar menjadi molekul - molekul senyawa yang lebih kecil, sehingga adanya proses craking tersebut membuat campuran bahan bakar dan udara menjadi lebih ideal dan mudah terbakar pada ruang bakar. Dengan komposisi bahan bakar yang ideal akan meningkatkan pembakaran dan nilai torsi maksimum
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