SUMMARY Sixty‐nine children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) underwent blind methyl‐phenidate trials. 36 had ADHD alone (with or without a learning disability) and 33 had additional neurodevelopmental disorders. Of the children with ADHD alone, 88 per cent improved significantly on methylphenidate. This did not differ significantly from the 69 per cent response rate for children with ADHD and other neurodevelopmental disorders. The results confirm and add to the research literature indicating that ADHD children who are of preschool age and/or who have co‐existing neurological disorders may benefit from methylphenidate. RÉSUMÉ Methylphénidate et ADHD: Influence de l'âge, du QI et de l'état neurodévelopmental Des essais aveugles de traitement par méthylphénidate ont été entrepris chez 69 enfants presentant un trouble de déficit d'attention et hyperactivity (ADHD). Dans 36 cas l'ADHD était isote avec ou sans trouble des apprentissages et dans les 33 cas restant, il y avait en plus des troubles neurodévelopmentaux (ND). Parmi les enfants avec ADHD isolé, 88 pour cent furent améliorés significativement par le méthylphénidate. Ceci ne différait pas significativement du 69 pour cent taux de réponses chez les enfants avec ADHD etc d'autres troubles ND. Ces résultats confirment et s'ajouterit aux données de la littérature indiquant que les enfants ADHD d'âge préscolaire avec ou sans trouble neurologique coexistant peuvent bénéficicr du méthylphénidate. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Methylphenidat und ADHD: Einfluß von Alter, IQ und entwicklungsneurologischem Befund Bei 69 Kindern mit Aufmerksamkeitsstörungen und Hyperaktivität (ADHD) wurden blinde Behandlungsversuche mit Methylphenidat durchgeführt. 36 Kindern hatten nur eine ADHD (mit Oder ohne Lernschwäche) und 33 hatten zusätzlich entwicklungsneurologische (ND) Störungen. Von den Kindern mit ADHD allein zeigten 88 Prozent eine signifikante Besserung auf Methylphenidat. Es bestand kein signifikanter Unterschied zur 69 Prozent Ansprechrate der Kinder mit ADHD und andercn ND Störungen. Die Ergebnisse bestätigen und ergänzen die wissenschaftliche Literatur dahingehend, daß Vorschulkinder mit ADHD und/oder mit gleichzeitig bestehenden neurologischen Erkrankungen von der Behandlung mit Methylphenidat profitieren. RESUMEN Metilfenidato y ADHD: influencia de la edad, CI y estatus neuroevolutivo Sesenta y nueve niños con alteración de la atencion e hiperactividad (AAH, ADHD en inglés) fueron sometidos a una prueba con metilfenidato ciega. 36 tenian solo AAH (con o sin dificultad para el aprendizaje) y 33 tenian además alteraciones del desarrollo (AD). De los niños con AAH solo, 88 por ciento mejoraron significativamente con el metilfenidato. Esta respuesta no diferia significativamente del promedio de respuesta 69 por ciento en niños con AAH y otra alteracion del desarrollo (AD). Los resultados confirman y coadyuvan a la literatura indicando que los niños, con AAH en edad preescolar y/o una alteración neurológica coexistente pueden beneficiarse del metilfenidato.
DSM-IV criteria for autistic and Asperger's disorders were applied to 157 children with clinical diagnoses of autism or Asperger's disorder. All children met the DSM-IV criteria for autistic disorder and none met criteria for Asperger's disorder, including those with normal intelligence and absence of early speech delay. The reason for this was that all children had social impairment and restricted and repetitive behavior and interests (required DSM-IV symptoms for both autistic and Asperger's disorders) and all had a DSM-IV communication impairment (which then qualified them for a diagnosis of autistic disorder and not Asperger's disorder). Communication problems exhibited by all children were impaired conversational speech or repetitive, stereotyped, or idiosyncratic speech (or both), which are DSM-IV criteria for autism. These findings are consistent with those of 5 other studies and indicate that a DSM-IV diagnosis of Asperger's disorder is unlikely or impossible.
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