No abstract

Even though parents are the most significant socialization influence during childhood, there has been little study of how parents model and promote their children's adaptive coping in natural disasters. In-depth semi-structured interviews of 56 parents whose families were evacuated from their homes due to wildfires (n = 24, San Diego County, California, October 2007) or multiple deadly tornados (n = 32, Tennessee towns of Lafayette in Macon County and Gallatin in Sumner County, February 2008) were conducted within four days of each disaster. The current study assessed prior and current disaster exposure levels and parents' reports of preparedness or problem solving, emotion regulation, social support, distraction, religious, and family-level coping activities with their children in response to each disaster. By examining parents' rich and complex responses to their disaster experiences, we lay the foundation for the development of models of parental socialization of children's coping effectively during disasters. Findings offer direction for intervention policy and programs that assist parents in managing children's developing competence in response to disasters.

This study examined the interrelationships among mattering to friends, self-esteem, spirituality, and perpetration of relational aggression in friendships among 457 college students. While the three self-belief variables were positively related to each other, only spirituality and mattering to friends discriminated between men and women. Women reported higher spirituality and mattering to friends, and men reported slightly higher self-esteem. Perpetration of relational aggression was negatively related to mattering to friends and self-esteem and was not related to spirituality. Findings are discussed in light of Erikson's theory of adolescent development and Gilligan's theory of interpersonal relationships.

No abstract

The Veteran's Health Administration (VA) and Department of Defense (DoD) posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) clinical practice guidelines (2017) recommend individual, trauma-focused therapy as the gold standard of treatment for PTSD (i.e., evidence-based practices [EBP]). Moreover, these guidelines encourage the use of individual shared decision-making (SDM) to increase engagement and completion of EBPs for PTSD in line with current literature. This study retrospectively evaluated three models of program design of a VA PTSD specialty clinic over the past 8 years. In line with previous literature, the study hypothesized that leveraging individualized SDM in the clinic design would lead to increased completion of EBPs for PTSD. Analyses indicated an impact as the models shifted from a group-based model to an individualized model. Specifically, as compared to veterans who completed a group-based design, a greater proportion of those enrolled in the clinic were more likely to complete an EBP. These results may suggest that individualized, patient-centered treatment planning may be related to patient engagement in EBPs for PTSD in contrast with group-based models. Other programmatic changes, such as changes in treatment options presented to patients, a movement to focus on EBPs for PTSD, and expanded clinic hours and telehealth options, possibly impacted veteran engagement and completion in EBPs. The study highlights the potential impacts of a changing patient population within the clinic over a relatively short period. The observations are discussed, and limitations are highlighted. The study shares the hope for additional randomized prospective studies of program designs. Impact StatementThis study examines the evolution of an outpatient VA PTSD clinical team as practices moved from group-based model to a more individualized, veteran-centric model. This study underscores the positive impact of a programmatic shift toward individualized care that occurred in concurrence with additional demographic shifts in the veteran clinical population, and availability of remote care options delivered via telehealth. Further clinical research is needed.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract