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Background: The role of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) in liver fibrosis remains poorly understood. This study aimed to use a mouse model of carbon tetrachloride (CCL 4)-induced liver fibrosis to investigate the effects of BM-MSCs during liver hypoxia and the involvement of the transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-b1) and SMADs pathway. Material/Methods: Thirty C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the control group (n=10), the model group (n=10), and the BM-MSC-treated model group (n=10). In the model group, liver fibrosis was induced by intraperitoneal injection of CCl 4. BM-MSCs were transplanted after 12 weeks of CCl 4 treatment. The serum biochemical parameters and histological changes in the liver, using histochemical stains, were investigated. The expression of collagen type I (collagen I), alpha-smooth muscle actin (a-SMA), TGF-b1, SMAD3, SMAD7, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1a), and vascular endothelial grow factor (VEGF) were assessed by immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain (RT-qPCR) reaction. Results: Treatment with BM-MSCs reduced the expression of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) compared with the model group, and reduced liver fibrosis determined histologically using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson's trichrome staining compared with the model group. The area of liver fibrosis decreased after BM-MSCs treatment (p<0.05). Protein expression of HIF-1a and VEGF were decreased after BM-MSCs treatment (p<0.05). Transplantation of BM-MSCs reduced the mRNA expression of TGF-b1, collagen I, a-SMA, and SMAD3 (p<0.05). Conclusions: BM-MSC transplantation reduced CCl 4-induced murine liver fibrosis, indicating that in a hypoxic microenvironment, BM-MSCs may inhibit the TGFb-1/SMADs pathway.

24, 2'/exp OR '25-hydroxyvitamin d 2' OR '4-aminobenzoic acid'/exp OR '4-aminobenzoic acid' OR 'acetylcarnitine' OR 'acetylcarnitine'/exp OR acetylcarnitine OR 'alphatocopherol'/exp OR 'alpha-tocopherol' OR 'aminobenzoic acids'/exp OR 'aminobenzoic acids' OR 'ascorbic acid'/exp OR 'ascorbic acid' OR 'beta carotene'/exp OR 'beta carotene' OR 'beta-tocopherol'/exp OR 'beta-tocopherol' OR 'be-ta-tocopherol' OR 'biotin' OR 'biotin'/exp OR biotin OR 'boron' OR 'boron'/exp OR boron OR 'cadmium' OR 'cadmium'/exp OR cadmium OR 'calcifediol' OR 'calcifediol'/exp OR calcifediol OR 'calcitriol' OR 'calcitriol'/exp OR calcitriol OR 'carnitine' OR 'carnitine'/exp OR carnitine OR 'cholecalciferol' OR 'cholecalciferol'/exp OR cholecalciferol OR 'chromium' OR 'chromium'/exp OR chromium OR 'cobalt' OR 'cobalt'/exp OR cobalt OR 'cobamides' OR 'cobamides'/exp OR cobamides OR 'cod liver oil'/exp OR 'cod liver oil' OR 'copper' OR 'copper'/exp OR copper OR 'dehydroascorbic acid'/exp OR 'dehydroascorbic acid' OR 'dihydrotachysterol' OR 'dihydrotachysterol'/exp OR dihydrotachysterol OR 'dihydroxycholecalciferols' OR 'dihydroxycholecalciferols'/exp OR dihydroxycholecalciferols OR 'ergocalciferols' OR 'ergocalciferols'/exp OR ergocalciferols OR 'flavin mononucleotide'/exp OR 'flavin mononucleotide' OR 'folic acid'/exp OR 'folic acid' OR 'formyltetrahydrofolates'/exp OR 'formyltetrahydrofolates' OR 'fursultiamin' OR 'fursultiamin'/exp OR fursultiamin OR 'gamma-tocopherol'/exp OR 'gamma-tocopherol' OR 'hydroxocobalamin' OR 'hydroxocobalamin'/exp OR hydroxocobalamin OR 'hydroxycholecalciferols' OR 'hydroxycholecalciferols'/exp OR hydroxycholecalciferols OR 'inositol' OR 'inositol'/exp OR inositol OR 'iodine' OR 'iodine'/exp OR iodine OR 'iron' OR 'iron'/exp OR iron OR 'leucovorin' OR 'leucovorin'/exp OR leucovorin OR 'manganese' OR 'manganese'/exp OR manganese OR 'magnesium' OR 'magnesium'/exp OR magnesium OR 'molybdenum' OR 'molybdenum'/exp OR molybdenum OR 'niacin' OR 'niacin'/exp OR niacin OR 'niacinamide' OR 'niacinamide'/exp OR niacinamide OR 'nickel' OR 'nickel'/exp OR nickel OR 'nicorandil' OR 'nicorandil'/exp OR nicorandil OR 'nicotinic acids'/exp OR 'nicotinic acids' OR 'palmitoylcarnitine' OR 'palmitoylcarnitine'/exp OR palmitoylcarnitine OR 'pantothenic acid'/exp OR 'pantothenic acid' OR 'pteroylpolyglutamic acids'/exp OR 'pteroylpolyglutamic acids' OR 'pyridoxal' OR 'pyridoxal'/exp OR pyridoxal OR 'pyridoxal phosphate'/exp OR 'pyridoxal phosphate' OR 'pyridoxamine' OR 'pyridoxamine'/exp OR pyridoxamine OR 'pyridoxine' OR 'pyridoxine'/exp OR pyridoxine OR 'riboflavin' OR 'riboflavin'/exp OR riboflavin OR 'selenium' OR 'selenium'/exp OR selenium OR 'silicon' OR 'silicon'/exp OR silicon OR 'tetrahydrofolates' OR 'tetrahydrofolates'/exp OR tetrahydrofolates OR 'thiamine' OR 'thiamine'/exp OR thiamine OR 'thiamine monophosphate'/exp OR 'thiamine monophosphate' OR 'thiamine pyrophosphate'/exp OR 'thiamine pyrophosphate' OR 'thiamine triphosphate'/exp OR 'thiamine triphosphate' OR 'thioctic acid'/exp OR 'thioctic acid' OR 'tin' OR 'tin...

20 batches of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. were collected from Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi, and Hainan province in China. The contents of heavy metals of As, Hg, Pb, Cd, and Cu were determined and compared. The results indicated that geographical source might be a major factor to influence the contents of heavy metals of arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and copper (Cu) in Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. Compared to the criteria of heavy metals, the contents of As, Hg, Pb, and Cd in almost all the samples were in accordance with The Green Trade Standards. The contents of Cu were higher than the criteria for heavy metals except the samples from Changxing town, Qiongzhong county, Maoyang town, Qiongzhong county, Wupo town, Tunchang county, and Nanlv town, Tunchang county, in Hainan province. The best cultivation regions of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. were from Changxing town, Qiongzhong county, Maoyang town, Qiongzhong county, Wupo town, Tunchang county, and Nanlv town, Tunchang county, in Hainan province. This research would provide the scientific basis for quality control and standardization of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq.

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