Sustainable innovation is more complex than conventional, market-driven innovation, because companies have to consider a wide range of uncertainties concerned with the environment, society, and economics. This literature review shows that resilience is the prevailing way of thinking in the area of sustainability studies, and the main contribution of resilience to sustainability is how to deal with uncertainties. However, there seems to be a scarcity in the current literature on the conceptualization of resilience in the context of innovation. From the duality view, this paper proposes a new concept of innovation resilience based on two dimensions, stability and adaptability, which contribute to maintaining a high level of innovation efficiency, while at the same time adapting to change. The proposed innovation resilience concept attempts to provide an integration of divergent research streams—innovation management, organizational resilience, and sustainability management theory. We develop a conceptual framework that consists of a set of indicators involving the two dimensions by using multiple case studies, upon which future empirical studies can be based.
This paper explores the categories of external technology sources in open innovation. The architecture of equipment products is complex, so external technologies are utilized in the innovation of equipment industry. To study the external technology sources in open innovation for equipment industry, the five sources commonly used are chosen as research objects, which are suppliers, users, competitors, universities and research institutes, R&D service companies. The field survey is conducted for open innovation projects, and the statistical data are collected. Based on this, the external technology sources are analyzed by descriptive statistics. The categories of technology sources are studied based on multidimensional analysis, the results show that these sources can be categorized into three types by technology supply form and technology export attitude. R&D service companies and universities and research institutes are one category, suppliers and clients are one category, and competitors are independently another one.
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