Abstract:Introduction: Despite collection of blood from apparently healthy individuals for allogeneic transfusion, blood givers are often faced with untoward reactions during or after blood donation. Aim: This study was to determine the rate of adverse reactions among voluntary blood donors at the National Blood Transfusion Service in Jos. Methods: All blood donors recruited by the centre between October 2012 and September 2014 were counseled and consent to participate in the research was obtained prior to donation. The age, sex, weight and blood pressure and the venue of donation were documented. The type of donation reaction during and or after donation were timed and documented. The haemoglobin level and haemoglobin phenotypes were determined. Results: Eleven thousand six hundred and fifty-five (63%) male and 37% females were studied. The overall rate of adverse effects was 2.05% with significantly higher rate of occurrence among donors aged 18-25 years (p˂0.0001), female donors (p=0.0001), weight 40-49 Kg (p=0.001), blood group B (p=0.002) haemoglobin phenotype AA (P=0.001). The rate of adverse reactions was also higher among first-time donors (p=0.002), indoor donations (p=0.001). All adverse effects documented in our donors occurred during donation (4%) and within 21 (96%) after donation. Dizziness affected 90% while severe reaction (faint) occurred in 3% of adverse reactors. Ingested meal was the vomits of all donors who vomited. Conclusion: Though adverse effects to blood donation is low in our centre, there is need for preparedness, donor education, prediction and mitigation of occurrences.

Introduction: The diagnosis of certain subtypes of leukaemia is rarely made and descriptions in the literature are scantily found. Aim: This report aimed to describe a case of acute eosinophilic leukaemia, highlighting the management challenges in Jos. Case Report: A 36-year-old female tailor presented in the emergency and accident unit of the hospital with fever, epistaxis and menorrhagia. She was transfusion for anaemia before presentation. She was bleeding from the nose, pale and febrile. Full blood count revealed severe anaemia, thrombocytopenia and eosinophilic leucocytosis. Bone marrow aspiration (BMA) cytology showed myeloid hyperplasia with eosinophilic myeloblasts. Supportive hydration, blood transfusion, ant-microbial agents and allopurinol were administered. The patient was counselled and Daunorubicin and Cytosine arabinoside (DA) regimen was commenced. Evaluation on days 14 and 28 revealed only improvement in clinical and laboratory features. Induction of remission was embarked upon again with DA regimen. On day 14 of re-induction, the haemogram remained essentially the same. She was maintained on the regiment for eight cycles when symptoms of fever and mucosal bleeding (gum) resumed, accompanied by raised WBC, severe thrombocytopenia, neutropenia and anaemia. She was on intravenous saline, fresh whole blood transfusion and antibiotic. Drugs regimen was changed to cyclophosphamide, vincristine, methotrexate and prednisolone. Conclusion: Rare forms of leukaemia when seen in the developing nations are faced with management limitations.