Mining industry faces new technological and economic challenges which need to be overcome in order to raise it to a new technological level in accordance with the ideas of Industry 4.0. Mining companies are searching for new possibilities of optimizing and automating processes, as well as for using digital technology and modern computer software to aid technological processes. Every stage of deposit management requires mining engineers, geologists, surveyors, and environment protection specialists who are involved in acquiring, storing, processing, and sharing data related to the parameters describing the deposit, its exploitation and the environment. These data include inter alia: geometries of the deposit, of the excavations, of the overburden and of the mined mineral, borders of the support pillars and of the buffer zones, mining advancements with respect to the set borders, effects of mining activities on the ground surface, documentation of landslide hazards and of the impact of mining operations on the selected elements of the environment. Therefore, over the life cycle of a deposit, modern digital technological solutions should be implemented in order to automate the processes of acquiring, sharing, processing and analyzing data related to deposit management. In accordance with this idea, the article describes the results of a measurement experiment performed in the Mikoszów open-pit granite mine (Lower Silesia, SW Poland) with the use of mobile LiDAR systems. The technology combines active sensors with automatic and global navigation system synchronized on a mobile platform in order to generate an accurate and precise geospatial 3D cloud of points.
Recent tectonic activity in the area of Swiebodzice Depression is recorded by the instruments of underground Geodynamic Laboratory (GL) of Space Reseach Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences (SRC PAS). Irregular in time tectonic events lasting dozen or so hours or several days have been watched by pendulums tiltmeters since 1974. Indications of tectonic activity such as tiltings of foundation and vertical motions are repeatedly observed by water-tube tiltmeters (WT). The effects of tectonic activity in the region of Ksiaz are visible in the geological structure of the orogen as well as deformations of Pelcznica Valley meander. Zones of discontinuity in the environment of undeground laboratory as well as objects of the castle were determined by geodetic measurements at established geodetic horizontal network and precise geological and structural identification. Geodetic horizontal network in underground corridors of GL was established in the first phases of the work. Construction of the network gives opportunity to designate the locations of faults and their projection onto the terrain map. The faults were measured by geodetic methods to determine their routes and dips. Simultaneously, works on identifying damages of Ksiaz Castle architectural objects were conducted, the appearance of which suggested connection with the activity of tectonic faults. Some worrisome cracks in the castle architectural objects can be seen in the structure of wall of St. George Tower, in the wall of Chestnut Terrace as well as in the western wall of terraces (fragments repeatedly repaired). It has been found that the zones of above-mentioned damages are approximately linear and in the azimuth close to the faults route directions. The tasks presented in publication represent initial part of the work, which is necessary for further progress of tectonic activity investigation in the Ksiaz area. In following research works focused on evaluation of the influence of tectonic activity on the castle architectural objects the two sources of information will be used, i.e. local information based on time series from GL and information from field measurements using geodetic research network.
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