Background Despite representing the largest fraction of animal life, the number of insect species whose genome has been sequenced is barely in the hundreds. The order Dermaptera (the earwigs) suffers from a lack of genomic information despite its unique position as one of the basally derived insect groups and its importance in agroecosystems. As part of a national educational and outreach program in genomics, a plan was formulated to engage the participation of high school students in a genome sequencing project. Students from twelve schools across Chile were instructed to capture earwig specimens in their geographical area, to identify them and to provide material for genome sequencing to be carried out by themselves in their schools. Results The school students collected specimens from two cosmopolitan earwig species: Euborellia annulipes (Fam. Anisolabididae) and Forficula auricularia (Fam. Forficulidae). Genomic DNA was extracted and, with the help of scientific teams that traveled to the schools, was sequenced using nanopore sequencers. The sequence data obtained for both species was assembled and annotated. We obtained genome sizes of 1.18 Gb (F. auricularia) and 0.94 Gb (E. annulipes) with the number of predicted protein coding genes being 31,800 and 40,000, respectively. Our analysis showed that we were able to capture a high percentage (≥ 93%) of conserved proteins indicating genomes that are useful for comparative and functional analysis. We were also able to characterize structural elements such as repetitive sequences and non-coding RNA genes. Finally, functional categories of genes that are overrepresented in each species suggest important differences in the process underlying the formation of germ cells, and modes of reproduction between them, features that are one of the distinguishing biological properties that characterize these two distant families of Dermaptera. Conclusions This work represents an unprecedented instance where the scientific and lay community have come together to collaborate in a genome sequencing project. The versatility and accessibility of nanopore sequencers was key to the success of the initiative. We were able to obtain full genome sequences of two important and widely distributed species of insects which had not been analyzed at this level previously. The data made available by the project should illuminate future studies on the Dermaptera.

Introduction Identification of the seat features that could improve driving experience is a main issue for automotive companies. Objective Long duration real driving sessions were performed to assess the effect of three seats (soft–S1, firm–S2 and suspended–S3) on perceived discomfort and neuromuscular fatigue (NMF). Materials & methods For each seat, the muscular activity of bilateral Trapezius Descendens (TD), Erector Spinae (ES) and Multifidus (MF) muscles of twenty-one participants was recorded during real driving sessions of 3-hours each lasting approximately 3 hours and following the same itinerary. During each driving session, participants were also regularly asked to self-evaluate their level of whole-body and local discomfort. In addition, an endurance static test (EST) was performed before (ESTpre) and after (ESTpost) each driving session to assess the seat effect on physical capacity. Results Whole-body discomfort increased with driving time for all seats, but this increase became significant latter for S3. The highest scores of local discomfort occurred for neck and lower back. Contrary to S1 and S2, the duration of ESTpost was not significantly lower compared to ESTpre with the S3. Interestingly, muscular activity of S1 remained stable throughout the driving task which could be attributed to sustained muscular contraction, while muscular recruitment adjustments occurred for S2 and S3 from 1H00 of driving. This muscular compensation concerns mostly the right side for S2 and S3 but with different profiles. On the left side, the muscular adjustments concern only the MF with S2 and the ES with S3. Conclusion Overall, our results demonstrated that S3 could be considered as the most suitable seat to delay discomfort and NMF appearance.

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El objetivo de este artículo es comprender el proceso de producción del mundo social que construyen las y los participantes del grupo Nuevo Atardecer de San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas. A partir de la antropología del poder, se construyó una radiografía etnográfica para conocer más a fondo cómo operan este tipo de grupos de ayuda mutua y cómo la historia muestra una dinámica de rupturas en la formación de los mismos. Se pretende mostrar los múltiples conflictos, tensiones y negociaciones que se desarrollan al interior de este, para dar a conocer un espacio social que no es sistemático ni cuenta tampoco con una visión o unos intereses comunes. Además, se propone visibilizar diversos fenómenos que se construyen durante el proceso de producción, por ejemplo, la invención de una enfermedad.

El objetivo del presente trabajo radica en esbozar una reflexión teórico-metodológica sobre una dimensión afectiva muy particular que sobresale en las dinámicas de interacción de un grupo denominado Nuevo Atardecer de cuarto y quinto paso. Es una propuesta etnográfica que permite a) revelar cómo las emociones son utilizadas y actuadas en distintas formas por los miembros de esta organización para, en ocasiones, obtener diversos bienes materiales, simbólicos o de otra índole, además, que es parte de la forma de relacionarse en los diversos escenarios; y b) registrar una “dimensión estratégica ambigua” que está cargada de mucha actuación por parte de la mayoría de los involucrados.