Chronic endometritis is a common disorder in postpartum dairy cows. It causes depressed reproductive performance in the current lactation and economic losses. In practice, rectal palpation and/or vaginoscopy are popular methods for the diagnosis of endometritis. The objective of this study was to evaluate a cytological method (cytobrush) as a diagnostic tool to detect subclinical endometritis (SE) in dairy cows and to quantify its effect on reproductive performance.
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