Eggshell is a nutrient-rich residue and can be used as a soil amendment and fertilizer. However, it has a slow release, making its use unfeasible, but microorganisms can accelerate the process of nutrient release. Based on this, the objective was to evaluate the solubilization of the eggshell in the culture medium and in the soil by bacterial strains. Two experiments were installed in a completely randomized design, which consisted of 13 treatments, 12 bacterial strains and a control experiment without inoculation. The first experiment was carried out in a 13 x 2 factorial scheme with minimal medium containing eggshell or CaCl2 with four replications. The media were incubated at 28 °C and after three and seven days the growth, the pH of the medium and the concentration of soluble Ca2+ were evaluated by flame atomic emission spectrometry. The second experiment was carried out in plastic flasks in which 175 g of soil and 0.75 g of eggshell were inserted. After incubation, the pH in CaCl2, the potential acidity (H + Al) and the concentration of K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ were evaluated. In the final analysis, the bacterial strains did not change the pH and Ca2+ values of the culture medium in the in vitro experiment. In the soil experiment, strains 100-40 and 100-5 showed the ability to solubilize eggshell calcium.
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Ornamental pineapple is a hardy plant with significant landscaping value. Tissue culture of plants is viable for producing plants with a high phytosanitary quality. However, one of the difficulties with this cultivar is the acclimatization process, which is slow and can cause losses. The objective of the present study was to verify the potential of inoculation with diazotrophic bacteria for in vitro and ex vivo growth of ornamental pineapple. A group of diazotrophic bacterial strains selected at the Universidade José do Rosário Vellano (UNIFENAS) was prioritized in this study, and the treatments included bacterial strains UNIFENAS (100-13, 100-60, 100-68, 100-153, 100-167 and 100-198). These strains were evaluated in terms of their capacity to produce indole 3-acetic acid. Subsequently, plants were cultivated in a medium composed of MS medium salts (1/4), adding 1 mL of the bacterial strain. In the control treatment, the plants were maintained in 2 mL of MS medium. 7 days after inoculation, the plants were transplanted into the MS, where they were maintained for 30 days. After in vitro cultivation, the plants were transferred to pots containing commercial Plantmax® substrate and maintained under these conditions for 60 days. The diazotrophic bacteria were able to synthesize auxins, and their inoculation promoted greater growth in vitro and ex vitro in the plants. In the acclimatization phase, the plants inoculated with UNIFENAS strains (100-60, 100-68 and 100-153) promoted a higher shoot growth, chlorophyll content and nitrate reductase enzyme activity.
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