O trabalho é reconhecidamente importante veículo de inclusão social e exercício de cidadania. Entretanto, poucas oportunidades são oferecidas àqueles portadores de transtornos mentais. OBJETIVO: Este estudo objetivou conhecer as atitudes de empresários, em relação aos portadores de transtornos mentais, filiados ao Centro Empresarial, em uma cidade do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil (n = 536). MÉTODO: Delineamento transversal censitário. Foram estudadas as variáveis sociodemográficas e as atitudes diante dos portadores de transtornos mentais. Como instrumento de medida, foi utilizado questionário, anônimo, auto-aplicado, e a escala de atitudes e opiniões sobre a doença mental (ODM). Na análise dos dados foi utilizada estatística descritiva e ANOVA. RESULTADOS: Encontrou-se que 89,7% dos empresários denotam atitudes que caracterizam idéias protecionistas; 75,5% acreditam na irrecuperabilidade e na periculosidade dessas pessoas e 73,2% manifestaram-se favoráveis à restrição social dos que sofrem de transtorno mental grave. CONCLUSÃO: Para efetiva reabilitação psicossocial do portador de transtorno mental, há necessidade de campanhas educativas com o intuito de sensibilizar os empresários para a inclusão laboral dessa população.
This study sought to solve the following question: What is the profile of users and the protective factors that help inpatient chemical dependents not to relapse? The objective was to identify the sociodemographic factors involved in the maintenance of chemical dependence. The research obtained a confidence level of 95% and a margin of error of up to 5%, resulting in a sample size of N= 22, mean age 33.64 years and standard deviation SD= 10.32. Data were collected in Google Forms, processed in SPSS Statistics 28 program, with descriptive analysis of the data. The main results found were sociodemographic, income, religion, children and education.
Psychiatric care in Brazil was organized historically by a qualified healthcare model for healthcare practices that emphasized the symptoms, is bringing into effect through long admissions to psychiatric hospitals, neglect and maltreatment. However, this reality has undergone gradual transformations. In this, this paper presents the historical trajectory of occupational therapy, aiming to show how community strategies began to be relevant to this profession, from a critical view of their theoretical and methodological assumptions. In this sense, the interventions to the population with mental disorders should turn to the development of strategies to promote changes in the social space occupied by these people and the construction and / or redemption of territorial networks. In view of the proposed objective, a literature review to identify an overview of the technical and theoretical production of occupational therapy between the years 2002 to 2008 was performed. Were consulted Brazilian articles related to the topic, published in scientific journals indexed in LILACS and SciELO. Selected articles underwent analysis and discussion based on the process of psychiatric reform and democratization of assistance; understanding of health; consideration of the activity, and the specificity of the occupational therapist. This analysis allows to identify the changes that are occurring in Mental Health care in Brazil due to the changes in the practice of occupational therapist.
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