ABSTRAKPentingnya ketersediaan infrastruktur yang memadai dalam keterbatasan sumber daya pemerintah, menuntut dikembangkannya mekanisme kerjasama pemerintah dengan badan usaha (KPBU). Sebelumnya hanya pemerintah yang menanggung segala risiko pada pembangunan infrastruktur, kini risiko bisa terbagi dengan badan usaha. Sejak awal risiko ini teridentifikasi oleh badan usaha sebelum kesepakatan KPBU dilakukan. Guna mengetahui bagaimana risiko yang menjadi beban badan usaha, maka penelitian ini dilakukan. Metode three box method digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan risiko tersebut. Mengacu pada alokasi risiko pada PT Penjaminan Infrastruktur Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa distribusi risiko pada setiap fase tahapan proyek berbeda. Faktor risiko tinggi pada fase prakonstruksi meliputi finansial dan desain, konstruksi dan uji operasi, pada fase konstruksi meliputi faktor finansial dan pada fase operasi dan pemeliharaan meliputi finansial dan kepemilikan aset. Langkah mitigasi digunakan untuk mengurangi bahkan menghilangkan potensi risiko yang ada.Kata kunci: risiko, manajemen proyek, jalan tol, KPBUThe importance of adequate infrastructure availability in the limitations of government resources, demands the development of government cooperation mechanisms with business entities (PPP). Previously only the government that bear all the risks to infrastructure development, now the risk can be divided with business entities. This risk should be identified from the beginning by the business entity before the PPP agreement is carried out. In order to find out how the risks are burdened by business entities, this research was conducted. The three box method is used to describe the risk. Referring to the risk allocation in PT Penjaminan Infrastruktur Indonesia, there are 11 risk faktors with 70 indikators following mitigation measures.ABSTRACTThe results stated that the distribution of risk in each phase of the project stages is different. In the preconstruction phase, risk faktors with high risk levels were financial and design, construction and operating tests. In the construction phase, the risk faktor with a high level of risk is financial. In the operating and maintenance phase the risk faktors with high risk levels are financial and asset ownership. Mitigation measures are used to reduce and even eliminate potential risks.Keywords:risk, project management, toll road, PPP
This research was motivated by the fact that the quality of management education services for deaf children has not been fulfilled. This research is important to do to determine the quality of education service management for children with hearing impairment. The research method used by researchers is descriptive qualitative research. In this study the authors found the results of their research; (1) Old buildings that cost money. (2) Teacher competition in controlling the Maternal Reflective Method (MMR) is caused by weak knowledge, skills and abilities in providing educational services to children with hearing impairment. (3) The condition of speech building teachers and voice and rhythm perception communication coaches (PKPBI) is less skilled in quality and quantity, and there are still many teachers who are retired and transferred. The conclusion of this research can be seen that the planning, organizing, movement, supervision and service have been implemented properly.
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