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Accumulative roll bonding was successfully used as a severe plastic deformation method to produce Al–SiC composite sheets. The effect of the addition of SiC particles on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of the composites during accumulative roll bonding was studied. The Al–1, 2 and 4 vol.% SiC composite sheets were produced by accumulative roll bonding at room temperature. Monolithic Al sheets were also produced by the accumulative roll bonding process to compare with the composite samples. Field emission scanning electron microscopy revealed that the particles had a random and uniform distribution in the matrix by the last accumulative roll bonding cycles, and strong mechanical bonding takes place at the interface of the particle matrix. This microstructural evolution led to improvement in the hardness, strength and elongation during the accumulative roll bonding process. It is also shown that by increasing the volume fraction of particles up to 4 vol.% SiC, the yield and tensile strengths of the composite sheets increased more than 1.2 and 1.3 times the accumulative roll-bonded aluminum sheets, respectively. Field emission scanning electron microscopy observation of fractured surface showed that the failure broken of composite was shear ductile rupture.

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The behaviour of reactive dyes of high reactivity during the printing process of 100% cotton fabrics from an alkaline and acidic printing paste was studied in detail. The printing pastes were stored for different periods of time and then the fabrics were printed. The samples were subjected to two methods of fixation, the first by steaming and the second by thermofixation. The effects of different factors such as alkali and acid concentration, storage time of the printing pastes and method of fixation on the K/S values of the prints were investigated. The fastness properties of the printed areas were also measured to determine the improvement obtained by acidic printing with high-reactivity reactive dyes on cotton fabrics.

Enzymes have been used for more than 50 years in the detergent, textile, food industries, to name just a few. In these industries enzymes replace chemicals and minimize water, raw material and energy consumption. Natures own technology provides us with environmentally friendly solutions and better products. Enzymes are the natural solution to industrial problems. With enzymes we can maintain the living standards we have today and at the same time preserve the environment for our children. In textile industry, enzymes are used because: they are accelerating the reactions, act only on specific substrates, operate under mild conditions, are safe and easy to control, can replace harsh chemicals and are biologically degradable [1]. In textile manufacturing the use of enzymes has a long tradition. The enzymatic desizing of cotton with α-amylases is state-of-the-art since many decades'. Moreover, cellulases, pectinases, hemicellulases, lipases and catalases are used in different cotton pre-treatment and finishing processes [2]. These studies will overview the whole clean line of cotton fabrics wet processing arrangement avoiding usage of chemicals and substituting it with enzymes.

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New printing effects on cotton/polyester blended fabrics were achieved by printing the fabrics using a printing paste containing different concentrations of sodium hydroxide, and then steamed applying different steaming time and temperatures, in order to improve the two fabrics physical properties. These changes resemble in: Decreasing fabric weight, increasing water absorbency and air permeability, shrinkage effect which cause the differential crimping effect and color tones. Factors affecting these new effects were studied and discussed in details to determine the most desirable appearance of cotton / polyester blended fabric. Introduction: