Introduction: Psychological consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic include pandemic triggered feelings of fear, uncertainty, and anxiety added to the effects of restricting the population's activities in lockdown. Aim: We aimed to study the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on sexual satisfaction of females and males in Egypt and to evaluate possible predictive factors. Methods: Married men and females in Egypt were invited to respond to an online questionnaire. The questionnaire addressed medical history, socioeconomic status, sexual performance satisfaction before and during the lockdown in addition to validated Arabic questionnaires for depression, sexual function in males and females, and sexual satisfaction (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Female Sexual Function Index, International Index of Erectile Function-5, Index of Sexual Satisfaction, respectively). Main outcome measure: The main outcome measures were frequency of depression, anxiety, sexual dysfunction, and sexual satisfaction in males and females during COVID-19 lockdown. Results: A total of 479 females and 217 males completed the questionnaire. Sexual satisfaction was significantly higher before (91.2%, 73.5%) than during lockdown (70.5%, 56.2%) in both males and females, respectively. During lockdown, significantly more males (70.5%) reported being satisfied with their sexual performance than females (56.2%) (P < .001). More than half of the male subjects (68.2%) had no erectile dysfunction while 97.3% females scored 26.5 on the Female Sexual Function Index scale suggestive of sexual difficulties. Sexual stress was significantly greater in females (70.8%) than males (63.1%). Educational level, occupation, anxiety, and erectile dysfunction were independently associated with sexual stress in males. Being a housewife or unemployed, husband's age >35 years, marriage duration of 5-10 years, anxiety, and female sexual dysfunction were predictors of sexual relation stress in females. Conclusion: COVID-19 pandemic was associated with lower sexual satisfaction in both genders. Females however suffered more anxiety and depression and thereby greater risk of sexual function difficulties and sexual dissatisfaction. Intervention strategies in order to lessen the suffering of affected individuals particularly after the pandemic are recommended.

BackgroundPost-COVID-19 syndrome may be predisposed by organ damage as a complication of COVID-19. Patients may experience persistent symptoms after recovering from their initial illness. ObjectivesTo identify manifestations and predisposing factors for post-COVID-19 syndrome in Saudi Arabia. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2021 through June 2021 using an online structured precoded closed-ended, pilot-tested questionnaire in Arabic. It included male and female inhabitants of Saudi Arabia aged 18 years and above with a past history of COVID-19 infection. Descriptive statistics were carried out for all variables. A univariate analysis Chi-square test and independent t-test were used. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. ResultsA total of 85.3% of post-COVID-19 cases had general manifestations: 77.3% had musculoskeletal and joint complaints, 61.3% had mental and psychological problems, 58.7% had gastrointestinal manifestations, 44% had renal complaints, 41.3% had respiratory complaints, and 36.0% had cardiovascular symptoms. Gender, age, smoking, BMI, associated morbid condition, number of previous COVID-19 attacks, the severity of illness, place of treatment, and complications of COVID-19 due to treatment or hospitalization were significantly correlated with the occurrence of post-COVID-19 syndrome. ConclusionPost-COVID-19 syndrome could be manifested by fatigue, malaise, myalgia, joint pain, depression, anxiety, sleep, memory and concentration disturbances, cough, dyspnea, palpations, arrhythmias, and chest pain. It may be influenced by male gender, smoking, old age, high BMI, comorbidities, and past COVID-19 attacks with regard to the number, place of treatment, and occurrence of complications.

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Background: Food addiction (FA) is a growing problem worldwide, associated with physical and psychological dysfunction. The original Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) was developed in 2009 for diagnosis of FA. Updated long and short forms of the Scale were developed in 2016 and 2017 respectively. An Arabic version of the updated short form suiting epidemiological purposes is lacking. Objective(s): The study aimed to adapt and test reliability of an Arabic version of the short form modified Yale Food Addiction Scale (mYFAS 2.0) for epidemiological purposes in Arab countries. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Alexandria, Egypt from June1st to September15th 2019. The short form mYFAS 2.0 was translated into Arabic language following the WHO translation guidelines. A self-report questionnaire including both English and Arabic versions was completed by 296 Arab adults fluent in Arabic and English, interviewed at public places. Weight and height were self-reported and Body Mass Index was calculated. Results: Kuder-Richardson alpha was 0.89 and 0.92 and Cronbach's Alpha was 0.93 and 0.94 for symptoms and the whole scale respectively. Cronbach's alpha decreased if any item was deleted. Corrected item-total correlation coefficients ranged between 0.5-0.7. These values indicate good internal consistency. Kappa coefficients ranged between 0.85-0.99 (P<0.001) indicating almost perfect agreement between Arabic and English versions of mYFAS 2.0. Food addiction rate was 17.6%. Conclusion: The present study adapted a reliable Arabic version of mYFAS 2.0 that can be a substitute to the English version in epidemiological work. The study recommends further multidisciplinary population studies to assess the problem, determine correlates and suggest appropriate interventions.

Background: During the last decades, the prevalence of weight stigmatization has substantially increased which in turn is associated with poorer out comes as depression. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the sociodemographic and anthropometric factors affecting weight-based victimization among adult obese Egyptian Females and identifying the underlying relation between obesity, weight-based victimization and depression.Cases and methods: an online cross-sectional study was conducted by random sampling technique, upon 462 obese adult females in the period from March 2022 to June 2022. Females were drawn through posts on social network (Facebook®), Both Weight self-stigma questionnaire (WSSQ) and Depression scale which is part of Depression Anxiety Scale (DAS) were administered online through Google forms after signing an electronic consent form to participate and share data. Results:The multiple logistic regression analysis of different risk factors affecting WSSQ was young age group, student group, parents not being overweight, single group and high education. It was found that there was a significant relation between depression scale and WSSQ scale. Conclusion: Research concluded that there was strong empirical evidence that experiencing weight stigma was associated with greater psychosocial impairment and increased risk of depression with increasing body mass index (BMI, Kg/m 2 ).

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Background: Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and a high body mass index (BMI) are both regarded as serious public health issues. VDD has been documented at all stages of life and is frequently linked to the development of obesity. Objective(s):To measure Vitamin D (Vit. D) level in overweight and obese adult patients, and to determine the effect of anthropometric measurements on Vit. D level. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted by random sampling technique, upon 250 overweight and obese adult patients (62% females and 38% males) admitted to the outpatient clinics at Alexandria Main University Hospital in the period from April 2021 to September 2021. Patients were categorized according to WHO BMI classification. Data were collected by a questionnaire through interview which included data about the patients' sociodemographic characteristics. Anthropometric measurements were recorded, and the enzyme linked fluorescence assay (ELFA) method was employed to quantify serum 25(OH) D by using the Endocrine Society cutoffs to determine Vit. D level. Results: Among 250 overweight and obese patients, 59.2% suffered from VDD. Negative correlations were found between Vit. D levels and age (r=-0.139) , weight (r=-0.844), waist circumference (r=-0.502), and truncal fat (r=-0.395). Conclusion: More than half of the overweight and obese persons had low serum concentrations of Vit. D. Their anthropometric measurements had a negative correlation with Vit. D levels. They may need a higher dose of Vit. D supplements compared to lean subjects.