The effects of circuit weight training on mood, perceived stress, job satisfaction, and physical symptoms were investigated in a sample of state law enforcement officers. Forty-three male officers who were not regularly exercising were assigned to either 4 months of circuit weight training or a wait-list control condition. Four months of circuit weight training led to a significant increase in strength on cardiovascular fitness. Subjects also demonstrated significant improvements in mood, including decreases in somatization, anxiety, depression, and hostility. Circuit weight training also resulted in a decrease in reports of physical symptoms and in improvements in job satisfaction. Results indicated that subjects who dropped out of the exercise training program evidenced significantly greater anxiety, depression, and hostility at pretreatment than subjects who completed the program. These findings suggest that circuit weight training programs may contribute to important psychological benefits.

This article reviews published research on the use of EMG-activated feedback paradigms to modify nocturnal bruxism. The first three sections review naturalistic trials, laboratory studies, and comparisons of feedback paradigms with alternative treatment/management approaches. The fourth section overviews several sources of theoretical guidance for further research and delineates some substantive directions. The final section identifies major scientific shortcomings that are common in the literature and offers some correctives. The empirical reviews suggest that nocturnal bruxing feedback is beneficial and competitive with other approaches, particularly when the feedback serves to occasion behaviors that require wakefulness. The theoretical overview points to classical learning theories, biofeedback theories, and theories concerning the etiology of bruxism as guideposts for continued research. The methodological narrative calls for adequately detailed scientific reporting, for increased operational commonality across experiments, and for innovative integrations of actuarial and intrasubject research designs.

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