Exploration of diverse environmental samples for plant growth-promoting microbes to fulfill the increasing demand for sustainable agriculture resulted in increased use of bacterial biofertilizer. We aimed for the isolation of plant growth-promoting as well as antibiotic sensitive bacteria from bovine manure samples. The basic theme of our study is to highlight potentials of bacteria in manure and the unchecked risk associated with the application of manure i.e. introducing antibiotic-resistant microbial flora, as fertilizer. Fifty-two, morphologically distinct isolates; from eight different manure samples, were subjected to plant growth-promoting parametric tests along with antibiotic resistance. Thirteen antibiotic sensitive bacterial strains with potentials of plant growth promotion further characterized by 16S rRNA ribotyping and the identified genera were Stenotrophomonas, Achromobacter, Pseudomonas, and Brevibacillus. Successful radish seeds germination under sterile in-vitro conditions showed the potential of selected bacterial isolates as plant growth-promoting bacteria. The results of this study confirmed plant growth-promoting characteristics of bovine manures’ bacterial strains along with an alarming antibiotic resistance load which comprises 75% of bacterial isolated population. Our study showed distinct results of un-explored manure bacterial isolates for plant growth promotion and flagged ways associated with unchecked manure application in agriculture soil through high load of antibiotic resistant bacteria.
Microbial enzymatic degradation of biowaste is a sustainable and environmentally friendly solution for eliminating biowaste pollution. It is the underlying cause of the ever-increasing demand for harnessing multipurpose microbes to work as an entity under given complex processes. Twelve bacterial strains of bovine manure were evaluated for their hydrolytic enzyme activity and optimization. Six enzymes; cellulase, amylase, pectinase, chitinase, protease, and gelatinase were selected based on their corresponding abundant biowaste, that is, cellulose, proteinaceous, chitin, and polymeric starchy biowaste. The preliminary qualitative screening was followed by quantitative enzyme production as well as optimal enzyme production conditions. Irrespective of their sample source and origin, all strains showed the highest enzyme production when grown at 40°C for 72 h with pH 7. Comparatively, among the selected enzymes, strains were higher producers of cellulase, protease, and gelatinase. The present study reported the first time Brevibacillus parabrevis (DZ.15) as pectinase producer, Achromobacter spanius (DZ.1) as amylase-protease-chitinase producer, Achromobacter piechaudii (DZ.12) as pectinase-chitinase-gelatinase producer, and two Achromobacter kerstersii (DZ.16 and DZ.17) as pectinase-chitinase producers. Therefore, this study suggested that bovine manure microbes exhibiting novel potential can be used for hydrolysis of environmental biowaste.
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