Key clinical message While the importance of vital pulp therapy comes from its ability to promote pulp healing allowing the tooth to continue its development and giving the patient a more convenient treatment, dental practitioners should be more aware of the minor mistakes which they might commit during treatment procedures that could reflect negatively on the treatment's outcome. Developing behavior management skills as well as learning from reported mistakes are beneficial to practitioners to provide a more precise and successful treatment. Abstract Vital pulp therapies are known to preserve tooth development and give pulp tissues a chance to heal. Despite the progress of biocompatible materials used in this field, these treatments are still facing some failure for several known and unknown reasons that might not only be related to the material used. This case report presents and discusses the possible reasons for the success of one vital pulpotomy procedure and the failure of another, both conducted on two immature lower first permanent molars of the same patient, in an attempt to conclude what led to both results.

The cover image is based on the Case Report Vital Pulpotomy on immature lower first permanent molars using Portland cement, a case of failure and success—case report with 2 years follow‐up by Dajma Abed et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/ccr3.7272 [Correction added on 2 May 2023, after first online publication: Additional cover 4 has been added.]