Our objective was to compare ophthalmic artery pulsatility index values from normal pregnant women with those from preeclamptic patients. The ophthalmic artery of 20 normotensive pregnant women, 7 mildly preeclamptic and 2 severely preeclamptic patients was studied once with color Doppler flow imaging and pulsed Doppler ultrasonography after 32 weeks gestation. The peak systolic velocity [49.0 ± 11.8 (SD) cm/s] in mild preeclampsia was significantly higher (p < 0.0001) than that (32.1 ± 9.5 cm/s) in normotensive pregnant women, as were the end-diastolic velocity (14.1 ± 7.7 cm/s vs. 3.7 ± 1.4 cm/s, p < 0.0001) and time-averaged mean peak velocity (24.4 ± 10.2 cm/s vs. 10.5 ± 2.9 cm/s, p < 0.0001). The pulsatility index (1.58 ± 0.47) in mild pre-eclampsia was significantly lower (p < 0.0001) than that (2.75 ± 0.66) in normotensive pregnant women. In the 2 cases of severe preeclampsia, pulsatility index values (case 1: 1.86; case 2: 2.44) in the late stage of the disease process were significantly higher than those (case 1: 1.19; case 2: 1.20) in the early stage. We conclude that mild preeclampsia was associated with a significant decrease in ophthalmic artery vascular resistance, whereas ophthalmic artery vascular resistance in severe preeclampsia increased as the disease process advanced. However, in view of the small number of severe preeclamptic patients, these observations must be considered preliminary.
Ovarian arterial velocimetry, using real-time two-dimensional and pulsed Doppler ultrasound, was performed on 36 occasions in nine healthy women with regular menstrual cycles. The change in ovarian arterial compliance was based on the calculation of pulsatility index (PI). In the active ovary carrying a dominant follicle or corpus luteum, the PI in the early follicular phase (mean 6.97, SD 2.01) was significantly higher than that in the late follicular phase (mean 2.36, SD 0.31) (P<0.001), and the PI in the early luteal phase (mean 0-68, SD 0.09) was significantly lower than that in the late follicular phase (Y<0.001). The PI in the late luteal phase (mean 0-93, SD 0.16) was significantly higher than that in the early luteal phase (P<0.01). In the inactive ovary, no cyclical changes were seen in the values of PI. There was a significant difference between the values of PI in the active ovary and the inactive ovary in the late follicular, the early and the late luteal phases [2-36 (SD 0-31)] vs [6-29 (SD 1-02)], [0-68 (SD WOY)] vs [6.18 (SD 1-33)], [0.93 (SD 0.16) vs [6.57 (SD 1.72)] (P<0-001), respectively. Use of non-invasive Doppler ultrasound to study physiology of ovarian haemodynamics during the menstrual cycle is of great clinical relevance and paves the way for further investigations on sterility. Doppler ultrasound has been widcly used to detect various blood flow condition? of deeply located pelvic vessels in women (Hata ct al. 1988~; Taylor & Burns 1985; Taylor et ul. 19856). Myometrial arcuate arterial velocimetry by Doppler ultrasound revealed changes of myometrial arcuate arterial haemodynamics
Ultrasonographic examinations, done to measure the fetal transverse cerebellar diameter (FCD), were performed in 116 women with regular menstrual cycles, at 17–40 weeks of gestation. FCD correlated well with gestational age (r = 0.96, p < 0.001). The 95 % confidence interval of the linear regression was also given. FCD may be a more useful indicator of the accurate gestational age in case of dolichocephaly or brachycephaly, and facilitate antenatal detection of congenital disorders.
Real-time two· dimensional and pulsed-wave Doppler ultrasonic examinations were performed on 8 normal volunteers and 97 patients with various gynecologic disorders; the objective was to assess uterine and tumor vascularities. Each arterial blood flow velocity waveform was classified into two types. The resistance indices of normal and abnormal flows were> .7 and < .7, respectively. In normal volunteers, abnormal flows were nil. In 8 of 44 patients with benign tumors (18.2%), abnormal flows were evident and all proved to be cases of leiomyoma or adenomyosis. Doppler signals were not detected in 18 of 36 patients with cervical carcinoma U ltrasonography has been an indispensable diagnostic tool in the fields of gynecology and obstetrics and there are numerous reports of its use for the diagnosis of benign and malignant gynecologic diseases. 1 Recently, duplex Doppler ultrasound has proven to be a useful diagnostic tool for the management of high-risk pregnancies by recording the signals from uterine, arcuate, and umbilical arteries and fetal vessels. 2 " 6 Moreover, uterine, arcuate, and ovarian arterial blood flow velocity waveforms have been noted in normal nonpregnant woman.7"9 As few Doppler ultrasonic studies of tumor vascularities in gynecologic disorders have been reported, 10 ·u our observations of tumor vascularities in various gynecologic disorders (50%) and abnormal flows were noted in only 6 (16.7%). In all cases of endometrial carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, and trophoblastic disease, typically abnormal flows were noted. Moreover, in most subjects a decrease in blood flows was observed after chemotherapy by an• ticancer drugs or irradiation. Therefore, Doppler ultrasound is a pertinent and noninvasive tool that can be used repeatedly for assessing the tumor vascularity in gynecologic disorders. KEY WORDS: Doppler ultrasound, tumor vascularity, gynecologic disorder. (/ Ultrasound Med 8:309, 1989) using real-time two-dimensional (2-0) and pulsed-wave (PW) Doppler ultrasounds are given attention herein. MATERIALS AND METHODSThe 2·D and PW Doppler ultrasonic examinations were performed on 8 normal volunteers and 97 patients with various gynecologic disorders at Shimane Medical Uni· versity Hospital (Table 1). Final diagnosis of the disease was made by histologic studies of the tissues obtained at the time of surgery. Permission for the study was obtained from each patient and all examinations were performed by the same examiner (TH).The apparatus used was an Aloka SSD-860 with a 25-or 3.5-MHz transducer, either the 2-D or PW Doppler modes could be used. In the 2-D Doppler mode, the flow
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