For single colloidal Ag nanoaggregates, covered with either large or small amounts of citrate anions, blinking surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) of anionic thiacyanine was measured and analyzed by a truncated power law. The power law without and with an exponential function reproduces a probability distribution for bright and dark SERS events versus their duration times, respectively. On the Ag surface, except for junctions of the nanoaggregate with a large or small amount of the citrate anions, two-dimensional fast or one-dimensional slow random walk of the anionic thiacyanine, respectively, was estimated by the exponents and the truncation times in the power law for the dark SERS events. In addition, the power law exponents for the bright SERS events were derived to be of similar values, indicating a similar molecular random walk near the junction, which may be dominated evenly by a surface-plasmon-enhanced electromagnetic field on the same-sized Ag nanoaggregate. Thus, not only the bright SERS, but also the dark SERS molecular behaviour on the Ag surface was investigated by the truncated power law analysis.
The anodic reactions on some materials in LiCl-KCl eutectic melt have been investigated. Palladium and Mo were dissolved seriously though Mo showed passivation behavior. In the melt including Li2O, O2 gas generation occurred at both metal anodes along with their anodic dissolution. At carbon anode, some anodic reactions besides the Cl2 gas generation reaction were observed in the melt with Li2O. The visual observation and the weight change of the anode indicated that the anodic reaction without gas generation and the electrode consumption preceded the CO2 gas generation. The potential of the CO2 gas generation reaction on carbon looked more positive than that of the O2 gas generation on Pd and Mo, which suggested the overpotential of the CO2 generation reaction on carbon was rather large in the melt.
Bulk samples of hafnium (Hf) hydride and deuteride were prepared and the thermal properties, heat capacity (C P ) and thermal conductivity (κ) were measured. In the C P -temperature curves for both samples, typical lambda-type peaks were observed at around 350 K, which was due to the second-order phase transition from the δ -phase to the δ-phase. In Hf hydride, it is considered that the δ -phase and the δ-phase consist of regularly arranged and randomly arranged hydrogen atoms, respectively. Therefore, it can be said that the δ /δ phase transition observed in both Hf hydride and deuteride is an order-disorder phase transition. The values of κ as well as C P changed significantly at around the phase transition temperature.
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