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GdBCO single-pancake coils wound with Kapton insulation every 3, 6, 9 turns, and without insulation, were characterized by charge–discharge and over-current tests. The magnetic field saturation at higher currents than the critical current was affected by the portion of the insulated turns that restricted the surplus current flow away from the azimuthal current path. The charge–discharge delay decreased with the increase of the portion of the insulated turns, which suggested that partial insulation winding may be effective for use in HTS power applications. Magnetic field loss of the coils with reduced insulation at excessive high currents was mainly affected by the decrease in ampere-turns due to the electrically shorted-circuits between the non-insulated turns, which resulted in the over-current flow bypass through the turn-to-turn contacts.

The photoresponse characteristics of In2Se3 nanowire photodetectors with the κ-phase and α-phase structures are investigated. The as-grown κ-phase In2Se3 nanowires by the vapor-liquid-solid technique are phase-transformed to the α-phase nanowires by thermal annealing. The photoresponse performances of the κ-phase and α-phase In2Se3 nanowire photodetectors are characterized over a wide range of wavelengths (300-900 nm). The phase of the nanowires is analyzed using a high-resolution transmission microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The electrical conductivity and photoresponse characteristics are significantly enhanced in the α-phase due to smaller bandgap structure compared to the κ-phase nanowires. The spectral responsivities of the α-phase devices are 200 times larger than those of the κ-phase devices. The superior performance of the thermally phase-transformed In2Se3 nanowire devices offers an avenue to develop highly sensitive photodetector applications.

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Background The present study aimed to develop a rat model for mechanical allodynia after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and to investigate the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) using this model. Methods A total of 180 rats were randomly allocated into three groups: a control group (group C), a sham-operated group (group S), and a controlled cortical impact induced TBI group (group T), 60 in each group. Von Frey test was performed to evaluate mechanical withdrawal thresholds. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to quantify BDNF level in CSF. Results The 50% withdrawal thresholds of group T were lower than those of group C and group S at all measuring points except for the preoperative period (P = 0.026, <0.001, and <0.001 for POD1, POD7, and POD14, respectively). The BDNF level of group T was higher than those of group C and group S at POD1 (P = 0.005). Conclusion Upregulation of the BDNF expression in CSF was observed in rats who developed mechanical allodynia on the day after TBI. Based on our findings, to elucidate the relationship between TBI-induced neuropathic pain and BDNF expression in CSF, further research should be carried out through a multifaceted approach to a broad spectrum of pain behavior models.

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