BackgroundDietary diversity has long been recognized as a key element of high quality diets. Minimum Dietary Diversity (MDD) is the consumption of four or more food groups from the seven food groups. Globally, only few children are receiving nutritionally adequate and diversified foods. More than two-thirds of malnutrition related child deaths are associated with inappropriate feeding practice during the first two years of life. In Ethiopia, only 7 % of children age 6–23 months had received the minimum acceptable diet. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to determine the level of minimum dietary diversity practice and identify the associated factors among children aged 6–23 months in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.MethodsA health facility based cross sectional study was undertaken in the three sub-cities of Addis Ababa from 26th February to 28th April, 2016. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to sample the 352 study participants or mothers who had children aged 6–23 months. Data were collected by using a structured and pretested questionnaire, cleaned and entered into Epi info 7 and analyzed using SPSS 24 software. Logistic regression was fitted and odds ratio with 95% confidence interval (CI) with p-value less than 0.05 was used to identify factors associated with minimum dietary diversity.ResultIn this study, the overall children with minimum dietary diversity score were found to be 59.9%. Mother’s educational attainment and a higher household monthly income were positively associated with the minimum dietary diversity practice. Similarly, mothers’ knowledge on dietary diversity and child feeding was positively associated with minimum dietary diversity child feeding practice, with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.98 (95% CI: 1.11–3.53).ConclusionIn this study, the consumption of minimum dietary diversity was found to be high. In spite of this, more efforts need to be done to achieve the recommended minimum dietary diversity intake for all children aged between 6 and 23 months.

IntroductionThe reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test is the gold standard for detecting coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but recent studies have reported false negative results for RT-PCR. Consequently, several countries are looking at chest computed tomography (CT) for the diagnostic workup of patients with suspected or probable COVID-19 to inform clinical management. Therefore, this rapid review provides the best available evidence on the use of chest CT for detecting COVID-19 pneumonia.MethodsLiterature searches were conducted in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, JBI Library, Epistemonikos, and Evidence Aid databases for relevant papers published from 1 December 2019 to 12 June 2020. The search strategy was based on the identified population, concept, and context with respect to the objective of the review. The methodological quality of the seven systematic reviews identified was appraised using the AMSTAR checklist.ResultsThe use of CT as a first-line screening tool for COVID-19 is not beneficial. Nevertheless, for patients with suspected COVID-19 pneumonia who had a false-negative RT-PCR results, cross-checking with CT and a repeated RT-PCR test is essential to avoid misdiagnosis. Chest CT offered high sensitivity for detecting COVID-19 pneumonia among symptomatic individuals, especially in those with severe disease. It was also useful for evaluating the potential complications, disease severity, and progression of COVID-19 pneumonia. The features of CT images differed at the early, intermediate, and late stages of COVID-19 pneumonia, but the most common imaging findings were patchy and ground glass opacities. It was also found that diagnosing COVID-19 in children using CT is challenging.ConclusionsEven though chest CT is not useful for primary screening of COVID-19, it is useful for detecting later stage disease and for evaluating patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. For patients with suspected COVID-19 pneumonia and a false negative RT-PCR result, cross-checking with a chest CT and a repeat RT-PCR test is essential to avoid misdiagnosis.

Objective:This systematic review will identify and synthesize evidence on the effectiveness of conditional cash transfers for the uptake and retention in prevention of mother-to-child transmission services in pregnant and/or breastfeeding women with HIV infection in low- and middle-income countries.Introduction:Regardless of the effectiveness of prevention of mother-to-child transmission services, uptake and retention in such services remains poor in low- and middle-income countries. This review intends to evaluate the effectiveness of conditional cash transfers in improving uptake and retention in such services for pregnant and/or breastfeeding women with HIV infection.Inclusion criteria:This review will consider studies that evaluate the impact of conditional cash transfers on uptake and retention in prevention of mother-to-child transmission services in pregnant and/or breastfeeding women with HIV. Studies will compare conditional cash transfers with no intervention or other interventions. Only studies carried out in low- and middle-income countries will be eligible for inclusion.Methods:Eight databases will be searched. Publication status will not be considered as a criterion for inclusion. Studies published in English since 2000 will be considered, because prevention of mother-to-child transmission services were first introduced in that year. Following the search, two independent reviewers will screen titles and abstracts against the inclusion criteria, critically appraise eligible studies for methodological quality using JBI critical appraisal tools, and extract data from included studies using a standardized data extraction tool. Where possible, quantitative data will be pooled using statistical meta-analysis.Systematic review registration number:PROSPERO CRD42021236729

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