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A total of 123 fecal samples of slaughtered finisher pigs and 21 sows from 14 farms were screened for Cryptosporidium spp. infection using the aniline-carbol-methyl violet staining method. Positive samples were molecularly characterized by direct sequencing of partial small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) and GP60 partial genes and polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism of SSU rRNA. Cryptosporidium oocysts were microscopically identified in 36 finishers (29%) and two sows (10%). Twenty-one mono-infections of Cryptosporidium pig genotype II and 15 mixed-infection of Cryptosporidium pig genotype II and Cryptosporidium suis in finishers were found. Both sows were infected with the Cryptosporidium parvum subgenotype IIaA16G1R1, which is reported from pigs for the first time.

This study reports on research stimulated by Lev-Ari and Keysar (2010) who showed that native listeners find statements delivered by foreign-accented speakers to be less true than those read by native speakers. Our objective was to replicate the study with non-native listeners to see whether this effect is also relevant in international communication contexts. The same set of statements from the original study was recorded by 6 native and 6 non-native speakers of English. 121 non-native listeners rated the truthfulness of the statements on a 7-point scale. The results of our study tentatively do confirm a negative bias against non-native speakers as perceived by non-native listeners, showing that subconscious attitudes to language varieties are also relevant in communication among non-native speakers.

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