Immunohistochemical study of ERCC1 and TS may be useful for the prediction of clinical outcome in patients with advanced colorectal cancer treated with 5-FU and oxaliplatin.

As engineering is required to answer directly and more heartily than before the requirement of society and markets, we want to answer the following questions. What kind of open innovation channels exist, and how can these channels operate as a knowledge funnel to conquer the growth limit of capitalism in the 4th industrial revolution? At first, we built up the concept model of open innovation engineering from a conceptual experiment and attempted to prove this model by literature reviews. Second, we applied this open innovation concept model at the papers of Society of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity (SOI) 2019 Special Issues of Electronics as a preliminary study. Additional field researches on each open innovation engineering channel in addition to research on finding out more open innovation engineering channels are required.

Twelve azomethine polymers containing a banana-shaped mesogen as a repeating unit have been synthesized by polycondensation, and their mesomorphic properties were studied. The solution viscosities were measured in a 0.16 g/dL solution in H2SO4 at 30 °C, and the values are in the range 0.37−0.79 dL/g. Polymers obtained were characterized by FT/IR and NMR spectrometry, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), optical microscopy, and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The effect of spacer length and lateral substituents on the central core as well as the sidearms of these polymers are described. Of the 12 polymers, eight polymers are found to be thermotropic liquid crystals. Among four polymers with a dioxydodecamethylenene spacer, three polymers exhibited banana phases and one polymer revealed a smectic phase; four polymers with a dioxyhexamethylene spacer showed only a nematic phase. The structures of the banana phases in the polymers are also described.