High-production dairy and beef systems require diets rich in starch. This practice may induce ruminal acidosis and also increase exposure to mycotoxins because starches in starch-rich diets are the main vehicles of mycotoxin contamination. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of low ruminal pH on the bioavailability of 4 major mycotoxins [i.e., aflatoxin B (AFB1), ochratoxin A (OTA), deoxynivalenol (DON), and fumonisin B (FB1)]. Eight nonlactating dairy cows fitted with rumen cannulas were used in a double crossover experiment. The trial was divided into 4 periods with 2 periods per crossover. Cows were divided into 2 groups receiving a low (15% dry matter basis) and high-starch diet (30.8%) with and without live yeast supplementation (1×10 cfu per cow) in the first and second crossover, respectively. At the end of each period, cows received a single dose of mycotoxin-contaminated feed containing 0.05, 0.2, 0.24, and 0.56mg of AFB1, OTA, DON, and FB1 per kg of feed, respectively. The fecal and urinary excretion of mycotoxins and their metabolites was monitored for up to 48h postdosing. As expected, ruminal pH decreased in cows fed the high-starch diet. The high-starch diet increased the bioavailability of OTA and AFB1. Urinary excretion of OTA 24h after mycotoxin administration increased 3-fold in the high-starch diet, correlated with lower fecal excretion. Similarly, a decrease in fecal excretion of AFB1 was accompanied by an increase in urinary excretion of its major metabolite, aflatoxin M, 48h after mycotoxin administration. In contrast to AFB1 and OTA, the bioavailability of DON and FB1 remained unchanged. Yeast supplementation had no effect on the excretion balance of these 2 mycotoxins. In conclusion, these results show that high-starch diets increased the bioavailability of OTA and AFB1, most probably through the lowering effect on ruminal pH. This greater bioavailability potentially increases the toxic effects of these mycotoxins.
<span>Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian adalah memberdayakan kelompok peternak kambing Peranakan Etawa (PE) desa Wonoasri Kecamatan Tempurejo Kabupaten Jember dengan edukasi pengolahan susu kambing menjadi yoghurt. Prospek pemasaran yoghurt susu kambing mempunyai peluang pasar di masyarakat dengan meningkatkan harga jual susu kambing dan menjadi solusi pemanfaat susu kambing yang tidak terjual. Metode yang digunakan adalah pelatihan pembuatan yoghurt dan pelatihan manajemen usaha yoghurt. Kegiatan pengabdian dilakukan pada bulan Juni sampai November 2019. Hasil yang diperoleh kelompok peternak dapat membuat produk olahan yoghurt dan menerapkan manajemen usaha yoghurt. Kesimpulan dari kegiatan ini adalah seluruh anggota kelompok ternak dapat membuat yoghurt sesuai prosedur dan dapat menerapkan manajemen usaha yoghurt sebagai bisnis yang berkelanjutan. Hasil pembuatan yoghurt yang disukai adalah yoghurt yang dibuat dengan konsentrasi 1% dengan varian rasa <em>strawberry</em>. Kegiatan pembuatan yoghurt dapat meningkatkan pendapatan dan kesejahteraan peternak.</span>
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