The float glass contains various defects for reasons of raw materials and production process. These defects can be observed on the end images of the glass. Since the defects are correlated with specific links of the production process, it is possible to discover the process problems by identifying the location and type of defects in end images. Based on faster region-based convolutional neural network (Faster RCNN), this paper proposes a deep learning method that improves the feature extraction network, and adds a Laplacian convolutional layer to preprocess the end images. Considering the defect features in end images, the anchor box size was adjusted to speed up the training. Besides, the lack of generalizability induced by small dataset was solved through data enhancement. With improved VGG16 as the feature extraction layer, a glass defect detection model was established, whose generalizability was improved through transfer learning. The experimental results show that the proposed model achieved a mean detection accuracy of 94% on actual test set, meeting the requirements for actual use in factories.
For float glass, there is a correlation between the striae in end image and the manufacturing process. If clearly understood, the correlation helps to optimize and fine-tune the manufacturing process of float glass. This paper attempts to extract the striae from the end image of float glass with deep learning (DL) neural network (NN). For this purpose, an image segmentation model was established based on improved U-Net, a fully convolutional network (FCN), and used to accurately divide the glass liquid on the end image into different layers. Firstly, the improved U-Net model was constructed to extract the striae from each liquid layer on the end image. Next, the activation function and convolutional mode of the improved U-Net model were optimized to enhance the segmentation accuracy and shorten the training/prediction time. Finally, the proposed model was tested on the float glass production line of Hebei CSG Glass Co., Ltd. The test results show that our model achieved an accuracy of 94%. The research findings lay a solid basis for striae identification on end image of float glass, and provide guidance for optimization and fine-tuning of float glass manufacturing process.
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