The European Space Agency's Planck satellite, launched on 14 May 2009, is the third-generation space experiment in the field of cosmic microwave background (CMB) research. It will image the anisotropies of the CMB over the whole sky, with unprecedented sensitivity ( ΔT T ∼ 2 × 10 −6 ) and angular resolution (∼5 arcmin). Planck will provide a major source of information relevant to many fundamental cosmological problems and will test current theories of the early evolution of the Universe and the origin of structure. It will also address a wide range of areas of astrophysical research related to the Milky Way as well as external galaxies and clusters of galaxies. The ability of Planck to measure polarization across a wide frequency range (30−350 GHz), with high precision and accuracy, and over the whole sky, will provide unique insight, not only into specific cosmological questions, but also into the properties of the interstellar medium. This paper is part of a series which describes the technical capabilities of the Planck scientific payload. It is based on the knowledge gathered during the on-ground calibration campaigns of the major subsystems, principally its telescope and its two scientific instruments, and of tests at fully integrated satellite level. It represents the best estimate before launch of the technical performance that the satellite and its payload will achieve in flight. In this paper, we summarise the main elements of the payload performance, which is described in detail in the accompanying papers. In addition, we describe the satellite performance elements which are most relevant for science, and provide an overview of the plans for scientific operations and data analysis.
Ingenio/SEOSAT is a high-spatial-resolution optical mission developed under the Spanish Earth Observation National Program for Satellites (PNOTS), and managed technically in the framework of an ESA contract. It features as Primary Payload (PP) a high-resolution optical payload with one 2.5 meter resolution panchromatic channel and four 10 meter resolution visible/near infrared spectral channels. It is based on a twin Korsch telescope concept, each telescope covering half of the instrument's swath width. In this communication is presented a detailed account of the work performed to accurately characterize and correct by post-processing an image ghost present in the multi-spectral channels of the primary payload. The work reported here includes the description and analysis of the results of three test campaigns, performed at Thales Alenia Space. Tests carried out include radiometric tests at focal plane level, generic stray-light tests and a novel test to characterize specifically the parameters of the studied cross-talk image ghost. Field-dependent point spread functions for the studied image ghost have been generated by optical analysis, and have been adjusted with the results of the performed tests. From these, image filters have been devised to reproduce, and remove by subtraction, the image ghost. Quantitative image ghost correction results on an actual test image are shown.
Ingenio/SEOSAT is a high-spatial-resolution optical mission developed under the Spanish Earth Observation National Program for Satellites (PNOTS), and managed technically in the framework of an ESA contract. It features as Primary Payload (PP) a high-resolution optical payload with one 2.5 meter resolution panchromatic channel and four 10 meter resolution visible/near infrared spectral channels. It is based on a twin Korsch telescope concept, each telescope covering half of the instrument's swath width. At the present stage, the principal payload has undergone the vibration and environmental tests, and the final performance test campaign has been completed successfully. In this communication, we will present the main measured optical performance parameters, and its relation to predictions obtained from the different computer models. First, the payload's geometric performance is addressed in the paper, with focus on parameters such as the spatial sampling angle, detection line angle and distortion. On a second group, wavefront error and modulation transfer function are reviewed. Finally, radiometric performance is considered, with parameters such as radiance saturation levels and signal-to-noise ratios at defined minimum and reference radiances. All instrument performances have been measured at Thales Alenia Space in Cannes with set-ups developed specifically by Thales Alenia Space for Ingenio/SEOSAT ( i.e. Modulation Transfer function, straylight and radiometric measurements).
SEOSAT/Ingenio (Spanish Earth Observation SATellite) is a high-spatial-resolution optical mission procured by the European Space Agency on behalf of and funded through the Spanish program authority CDTI. The Seosat/Ingenio mission is part of the Spanish Earth Observation National Program for Satellites (PNOTS). The mission is devoted to provide land and coastal zone optical images (panchromatic and multispectral) for applications in cartography, land use and mapping, urban management, costal management, agriculture monitoring, precision agriculture, water management, environmental monitoring, risk management and security and is a potential contributor to the European Copernicus program.The SEOSAT/Ingenio satellite will operate from a polar-heliosynchronous orbit at 670 km of altitude and has an imaging capability up to 2.5 Mkm 2 per day, with world-wide accessibility in less than 3 days and a design lifetime of 7 years. The satellite is based on an Astrobus-M platform architecture weighing about 800 kg and with 580 W installed power and is compatible with a launch with Vega.The Primary Payload is a push-broom imager, observing simultaneously in a Panchromatic band with 2.5 m resolution and in 4 multispectral bands (B,G,R and NIR) with 10 m resolution, over a swath of 55 km. Bands are co-registered at 1/10 of the pixel and geo-located at subpixel level in post-processing. The Optical design relies on two Korsch on-axis 250 mm aperture telescopes with intermediate imaging plane, in-field spectral separation and staggered-detectors focal planes. The detection system is based on CCD's (with TDI operation for the PAN) and has MS color filters with direct deposition of the pass bands and masks on a single substrate. The Satellite flight model is undergoing final integration and testing after final characterization and calibration of the Primary Payload . The SEOSAT satellite is expected to be ready for launch by end 2019.
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