The objective of this paper is to study the characteristics of ground surface settlement during excavation. Ten excavation cases in Taipei with good-quality construction and field observation data are selected to study the characteristics of excavation behavior. The location of maximum lateral wall deflection, magnitude of maximum lateral wall deflection, relationship of maximum lateral wall deflection and maximum ground surface settlement, location of maximum ground surface settlement, and apparent influence range are thus established based on the actual excavation cases. Finally, an empirical formula is proposed to predict the ground surface settlement profile at the center section of an excavation, where the behavior may be characterized by plane-strain conditions. Key words : excavation, surfac settlement, wall deflection, plane strain, empirical formula.
The α-Fe/R2Fe14B-type exchange-coupled NdFeB nanocomposites with a coercivity (iHc) of more than 11 kOe and energy product, (BH)max, of more than 16 MGOe have been successfully obtained on melt spun (Nd0.95La0.05)7.5+xFebalCr2B10 alloy powders, where x ranged from 3 to 3.5. It was found that a slight substitution of Cr for Fe suppresses the formation of the R2Fe23B3 and Fe3B phases during crystallization and results in the formation of an α-Fe/R2Fe14B mixture. Increasing the total rare earth content was found to enhance the remanence, and the Hic of (Nd0.95La0.05)7.5+xFe80.5−xCr2B10 ribbons was also increased drastically with increasing values of x. A Br of 9.2–9.7 kG, Hic of 11.1–13.2 kOe, and (BH)max of 16.5–18.0 MGOe have been obtained on (Nd0.95La0.05)7.5+xFe80.5−xCr2B10 (x=3–3.5).
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