Sodar investigations of the breeze circulation and vertical structure of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) were carried out in the coastal zone of the Black Sea for ten days in June 2015. The measurements were preformed at a stationary oceanographic platform located 450 m from the southern coast of the Crimean Peninsula. Complex measurements of the ABL vertical structure were performed using the three-axis Doppler minisodar Latan-3m. Auxiliary measurements were provided by a temperature profiler and two automatic weather stations. During the campaign, the weather was mostly fair with a pronounced daily cycle. Characteristic features of breeze circulation in the studied area, primarily determined by the adjacent mountains, were revealed. Wave structures with amplitudes of up to 100 m were regularly observed by sodar over the sea surface. Various forms of Kelvin–Helmholtz billows, observed at the interface between the sea breeze and the return flow aloft, are described.
To date experimental data concerning the impact of internal gravity waves on the intensity of turbulence in a stably stratified atmospheric boundary layer are scarce. The paper presents the results of the analysis of the degree of influence on turbulence characteristics of wave-like motions of two classes: Kelvin-Helmholtz billows (KHBs) and horizontally propagating buoyancy waves (BWs). For this purpose the data of long-term sodar measurements carried out in the suburban area of Moscow were used. The passage of 30% of KHB trains and 90% of BW trains was accompanied with increase of turbulent kinetic energy and both heat and momentum fluxes. The relative increase in values of these characteristics was higher during BWs passage. Nevertheless the magnitude of turbulence characteristics were similar for both IGWs classes. In general the difference between characteristics calculated in the presence and in the absence of wavelike motions was smaller than between those in strongly and weakly stable boundary layers.
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