Fetal stem cell- (FSC-) based therapy is a promising treatment option for many diseases. The differentiation potential of FSCs is greater than that in adult stem cells, and they are more tissue-specific and have lower immunogenicity and better intrinsic homing than embryonic ones. Embryonic stem cells have higher proliferative potential than FSCs but can cause teratomas. Therefore, an evaluation of this potential represents an important biomedical challenge. Since regulation of telomere length (TL) is one mechanism governing cellular proliferation, TL is a useful surrogate marker for cell replicative potential. The prenatal dynamics of TL, however, has never been comprehensively studied. In the present study, dynamics of TL and telomerase activity in the human fetal liver during 5–12 weeks of gestation is examined. Both TL and telomerase activity were positively correlated with week of gestation. For both parameters studied, the trend to increase was evident up to 10th week of gestation. After that, they reached a plateau and remained stable. These findings indicate that telomerase activity remains high during the fetal stage, suggesting high replicative capacity of FSCs and their considerable potential for transplantation therapies. These findings, however, are preliminary only due to small sample size and require further evaluation.

The philosophy of modern scientific cognition has set for researchers the tasks of comparing disparate data to solve real practical problems, and the main peculiarity of these processes is transdisciplinarity. The aim was to compile the basic processes of scientific inquiry and its representation in educational technology. Publications were selected for relevance by the search query in the search engine Academy Google. Were used the content analysis and collocate analysis. It was offered a universal system of multydiscipline knowledge compilation that will be the basis of all relevant knowledge and combines the possibility to actualization for adjustment under the existing requirements. This model is multi-layered and supports the principles of «spiral of knowledge» but with the modification on the spatial mapping, better to call it a «spiral surface of knowledge». It was formulate the model of transdisciplinar knowledge in all fields of fundamental and applied science, which will be the basis of formulation threedesciplinar descriptors for unifying understanding of information. It creates a set of 27 basic concepts that unite 28 descriptors in cubes of information and formed a hierarchical structure. The mathematical description of this model will form the basic principles of true transdisciplinarity.

<p>The usage of a systemic approach for the investigation of the conceptual questions of the regulation and impact on certain<br />link create the conditions for accumulation and take into all of the known results of numerous studies. Using this approach were re-evaluated the targets of electromagnetic radiation of UV, visible and infrared spectra for correction of intracellular systems processes. The aim of this work was to create a concept of trigger biomolecules photoactivation of living cells as a correction factor of intracellular systems processes. Were used the content analysis, collocate analysis and the data obtained from the database of known and predicted biomolecules and interactions. It was developed the four resulting of light on trigger dependent systems processes of living cells: size; resonance; increasing of luminous flux power after polarization; asymmetric response of living systems. It was shown that physical and chemical properties of the biopolymers caused the possibilities for correction of trigger dependent processes and asymmetric response of living systems to the increase in total energy uptake to the system leads to activation of survival mechanisms.</p>

The structural unit of the life on earth is a cell. An important aspect of the existence of cells, as a unit of life, is its capacity for elimination of non-viable or defective units from the system without damage of other units. Studies have revealed growth of the number of papers devoted to systematic research of the programmed cell death (PCD). Based on the results of the analysis of literary sources, the scheme of the levels of «events» which initiates a cascade of the PCD was formalized also the levels were described. The main directions of research was revealed, the overwhelming number of which include the investigations in which were developed the levels higher than level of molecular interaction, according to our proposed ontological model of programmed cell death. We had found the bifurcational nature of the signal chain of PCD and had investigated the role of components that had been assigned by us to levels lower than the level of molecular interaction. Based on these data, we proposed the concentration of ions promoters and inhibitors of PCD as a marker of development and control of programmed cells' death processes. The results of this research are the basis for the systematic study of ways to the origin, development and management of the active cascade of programmed cell death.

The technology evolution creates the prerequisites for the emergence of new informational concept and approaches to the formation of a fundamentally new principles of biological objects understanding. The aim was to study the activators of the programmed cell death in an isolated system model. Cell culture aging parameters were performed on flow cytometer. It had formed the theory that the changes in the concentrations of metal ions and increase their extracellular concentration had formed a negative gradient into the cells.regulation of cell death. It was shown that the metals ions concentrations.