The technological advancement of the recent years has triggered a significant increase in the global energy consumption. Within this frame, the fossil fuels still account for most of the energy consumption as the renewable energy systems often lack reliability and predictability in terms of total energy supply. These shortcomings may be overcome if various design and manufacturing process optimization methods are applied so as to gain more benefits from the current solar power systems. A modern modular photovoltaic (PV) panel is an assembly of photovoltaic cells mounted in an adaptable framework for quick installation. The photo-voltaic cells use sunlight as source of energy and generate current electricity, which can be harvested directly or through an existing grid. A collection of PV modules can be arranged in any desirable manner to form a PV panel. Also, the implementation of such modern modular systems brings numerous advantages, including the reduction of power transmission cost and the minimization of the global warming problems. This work presents the latest findings related to the manufacturing technology and the equipment train used in the production of modern photovoltaic systems.
This study is aimed to identify and to describe some of the most common types of pavement degradations that may develop on some Romanian county roads. According to the road safety management system, The County Direction of Road and Bridge Administration has the responsibility to ensure the traffic conditions, by preventing or repairing any degradation that may have adverse effects on the ride’s safety and comfort. The most common types of degradations that can be identified on the Romanian county roads are: block cracks, longitudinal / transverse cracks, joint stepping, rocking, joint sealant defects and local declines. The process of interventions for restoring the road safety condition is continuous and span through the entire lifecycle of the structure (planning, design, build, operate, maintain and decommission). In order to illustrate the degradation state and to identify the most appropriate type of intervention required to restore the road safety condition, a case study is presented. The latter consists in a county road located in the Northern part of Romania (Suceava County), designated with the route number DJ 177A. The viability of the road was evaluated based on visual inspections and laboratory testing of its component materials. Based on the experimentally results several intervention works were suggested.
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