National statistics for patient characteristics and survival of renal transplant recipients positive for hepatitis C virus (HCVπ 01 by log rank test). In Cox regression, mortality was higher for HCVπ (adjusted hazard ratio Ω 1.23, 95% confidence interval Ω 1.01-1.49, p Ω0.04). HCVπ recipients were more likely to be African-American, male, older, and to have received repeat transplants and donor HCVπ transplants. HCVπ recipients also had substantially longer waiting times for transplant. In contrast to recent studies, diabetes did not have an increased association with HCVπ , perhapsThe opinions are solely those of the authors and do not represent an endorsement by the Department of Defense. 179due to limitations of the database. HCVπ recipients had increased mortality and hospitalization rates compared with other transplant recipients.