SynopsisAcrylonitrile (AN) has been graft copolymerized onto isotactic polypropylene (IPP) by the preirradiation method using Cow as the source of gamma rays in the presence of ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, tert. butyl alcohol, and n-pentanol. Alcohols vary in their ability to influence grafting of AN onto IPP and the following reactivity order was found: n-pentanol > n-butanol > tert.-butanol > n-propanol > ethanol > isopropanol. An attempt has been made to explain the observed reactivity pattern shown by different alcohols. Thermal behavior of the graft copolymer has been compared with that of IPP and irradiated IPP and it was observed that grafted IPP is thermally more stable than IPP and irradiated IPP.
Graft copolymerization of acrylonitrile (AN) onto isotactic polypropylene (PP) fiber has been studied by using gamma rays from a 2100 Ci 60Co source as initiator by preirradiation technique. The preirradiated PP was treated with AN and the mixture was graft copolymerized by heating to 100°C for different time periods. The percentage of grafting is determined as a function of total dose, reaction time, and monomer concentration. The effect of different solvents such as H2O, CH3OH, and dioxane upon percentage of grafting has been studied. The maximum effect was observed in water and the minimum in CH3OH. PP—g—PAN was characterized by IR spectroscopic and thermogravimetric methods. A plausible mechanism of gamma radiation induced grafting of AN onto PP in the absence and in the presence of solvents has been proposed. An attempt has been made to compare the relative abilities of different solvents to influence grafting.
Graft copolymerization of acceptor monomers methyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate onto Himachali wool fiber has been studied in aqueous medium by using vanadium oxyacetyl acetonate as initiator at 40, 50, 60, and 70°C. Graft copolymerization was carried out for various reaction periods and nitric acid was found to catalyse the reaction. Percentage of grafting and percent efficiency have been determined as functions of concentration of nitric acid, concentration of initiator, concentration of monomer, time, and temperature. Under optimum conditions, methyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate afforded maximum grafting to the extent of 28.4 and 18.5%, respectively. Relative reactivities of methyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate towards grafting have been compared with those of methyl methacrylate, acrylic acid and vinyl acetate reported earlier from this laboratory. Different vinyl monomers showed the following reactivity order: MMA > MA > EA > AAc > VAc. Several grafting experiments were carried out in the presence of various additives which included tert‐butylhydroperoxide (TBHP), dimethylsulfoxide, pyridine, and dimethylformamide. Only TBHP was found to enhance grafting to a considerable extent, other additives decrease percent grafting of both methyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate.
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