Present study was conducted to investigate the effect of different floor space allowances on performance and behavior of Beetal kids from 3 to 6 months of age. Twenty four spring born Beetal kids (3 month old) were randomly divided in to four groups (n=6 each group) on the basis of space allowances i.e. 0.6 m 2 , 0.7 m 2 , 0.8 m 2 and 0.9 m 2 covered area and 1.2 m 2 , 1.4 m 2 , 1.6 m 2 and 1.8 m 2 open area per kid. The results indicated that most of the performance parameters i.e. body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were marginally higher with higher space allowance, but these did not differ statistically. However behavioural activities like moving, exploring pen, grooming and resting were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in large space allowance groups whereas, eating, standing and negative social interactions were significantly better (p < 0.05) in lower floor space allowance groups. It is concluded that the increase in floor space allowance had favorable effect on the performance and behavior of Beetal kids.
The objective of the study was to determine the effect of sodium bisulphate in litter and low protein diet with protease on ammonia concentration, broiler performance and litter quality in winter season (December-January). Two hundred and forty day old broiler chicks were randomly divided into four groups. Control group (Tc) had no dietary and litter amendments and other three included, litter amendment with sodium bisulphate (Ts), dietary amendment with low protein supplemented with protease enzyme (Tp) and both dietary and litter amendment (Tsp). The findings of the study revealed a significant (p £ 0.05) higher ammonia concentration in control group as compared to treatment groups. The average body weight was significantly higher in Ts group followed by Tsp group, Tp and control (Tc) group at 42 days of age. Best FCR was observed in litter amended (Ts) group. Sodium bisulphate decreased the pH and moisture content of the litter in both the treatments where it was used which seems to be the reason for low ammonia concentration, and improved gain in weight, FCR and low mortality. It can be concluded that the addition of sodium bisulphate in litter can significantly reduce the ammonia concentration, and improve growth rate and litter quality in broilers.
Present study was conducted to find the relationship of udder morphometry with milk yield and body condition traits in Beetal goats. Beetal goats (60) having 4 different parities were used. Udder (length, column width, row width, depth, circumference, volume) and teat (length, diameter, circumference, height from ground, inter teat distance) morphological traits were recorded just before morning milking at fortnightly interval up to 3 months post-kidding stage. Simultaneously, milk yield (morning and daily) and body condition parameters (body condition score (BCS), sternal and lumbar thickness) were also recorded. All the udder morphological traits were positively correlated with morning as well as daily milk yield. Similarly, teat morphological traits were also positively correlated with morning as well as daily milk yield except teat height from ground which had negative correlation. Whereas some of the udder and teat morphological traits showed positive correlation with body condition parameters. Milk yield had positive correlation with BCS, sternal and lumbar thickness. It can be concluded that the udder and teat morphological traits have direct relationship with milk yield and body condition parameters in Beetal goats.
Background: Ammonia gas present in poultry shed critically affects the health and welfare condition of bird and the labourer which are working at the poultry farm. Good litter management and low protein diet minimize the ammonia concentration resulting in overall improvement of the bird’s welfare. The current study was aimed to estimate the effect of alum sulphate in litter and addition of essential amino acids in a low protein diet on immunity status, serum biochemical parameters, carcass parameters and behavior welfare of broiler chicks.
Methods: A total of 240 (day old) Vencobb broiler chicks were randomly distributed into four treatment groups, having 3 replicates of 20 chicks each. Control group (Tc) had no dietary and litter amendments, whereas, experiment groups include litter amendment with alum sulphate @ 90 gm/sq.ft. (TL) dietary amendment with low protein supplemented with essential amino acids like lysine, methionine, threonine (TD) and both dietary and litter amendment (TLD).
Result: The results showed that immune status was better in the litter treated groups as compare to control and TD group. The overall hygiene of the birds was better in treatment groups. It can be concluded that treatment of litter with alum sulphate improved protein metabolism and carcass quality and also help in providing a comfortable environment to the broiler birds.
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