A retrospective review of cancer of breast in Papua New Guinean females for a period of 10 years revealed an annual reporting rate of 2.7 per 100 000. It contributed to 4.8% of all malignancies. The Islands region has the highest incidence. The most common age group at diagnosis was 40–49 years. Histologically invasive ductal carcinomas formed 66% of the tumours. Resembling the African experience, the incidence of breast carcinoma in Papua New Guinea appears to be low and most patients report quite late.
P a p a New GuineaEight cases of intracranial extensions of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibromas (JNA) are presented. These form 33% of the cases of JNA treated during a 5-year period . A high incidence of visual complications in this stage of tumour is observed and the basis of this is discussed. Death results from serious complications of severe haemorrhage and cerebro-spinal fluid leak. The intradural intracranial extensions of the tumour warrant careful approach in terms of surgery, because of their greater risk for complications during the dissection.
Malignant tumors registered with the Tumour Registry of Papua New Guinea (PNG) from 1958–1988 were analyzed with emphasis on the variation of incidence with time and different regions. Cancer incidence was generally low in PNG. During this period, carcinoma of oral cavity, cervix, breast, and skin, hepatoma, and lymphoma were the most common types of malignant lesions detected. The incidence of carcinoma of the oral cavity has increased. Currently, it is more common in the Highlands region and is associated with the spread of betel nut chewing. A threefold increase in cervical carcinoma registration was observed nationally, with a sixfold increase in the Highlands region; this was attributed both to social changes and improved registration. The incidence of breast cancer has doubled, in keeping with better registration, but there is little interregional variation. The decline in registrations of hepatocellular carcinoma is artifactual. PNG is a high‐incidence area for Burkitt lymphoma, but Hodgkin disease is rare. Both Burkitt and other non‐Hodgkin lymphomas are uncommon in the Highlands. A decline in the incidence of squamous carcinoma of skin was observed that was associated with improved control of tropical ulcers. The incidence of stomach cancer is falling. The registered cancer incidence in PNG is low, even when compared with that in native people from other Pacific nations, such as Fijians and New Caledonian Melanesians. Preventive measures have been hitherto ineffective, with the exception of squamous carcinoma of skin.
A broken end of the spear presenting as a foreign body in the nasopharynx and right maxillary sinus in a 19-year-old Papua New Guinean is described. The types of foreign bodies and their mechanisms of introduction into this site are summarized.
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