Although marketing is considered a very important aspect of agricultural production, it has been a neglected aspect of agricultural development plans and this has led to a situation where marketers of fresh tomatoes are not able to track their level of profitability and which invariably makes it difficult to attract prospective investor to the business. This study examines empirically profitability and operational efficiencies of fresh tomato marketing in South Western Nigeria. The study employed primary data using structured questionnaires to collect information from 100 randomly selected fresh tomato marketers in the study area. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics; gross margin and marketing efficiency analytical techniques. The result of the analysis revealed that for every ₦100 invested in fresh tomato trading in the study area, wholesalers, retailers and wholesalers/retailerrealized profit of ₦28.00, ₦18.00 and ₦ 258.00 respectively while the average operational efficiencies of wholesalers, retailers and wholesalers/retailer are 60.85%, 74.00% and 80.50% respectively. These positive and size of profits obtained for each fresh tomato marketing institutions is an indication that these institutions were able to recover their operating expenses; hence, marketing fresh tomato in the study area isprofitable and efficient.
Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License This study determines the impact of agroforestry practices on food production, income generation and poverty reduction among farming households in Oyo State, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select the respondents. Both descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages as well as inferential statistics such as Propensity Score Matching (PSM) and Foster Greer Thorbecke (FGT) analysis were used in the study. It was discovered that the propensity score distribution and common support for propensity score estimation shows the results from the covariate balancing tests both before and after matching in which the treatment (adopters) and comparison (non-adopters) groups are said to be balanced. The result of the impact of the adoption of agroforestry practices on farmers' income from the PSM analysis shows that the adoption produces a positive and significant impact on the farmers' income, while the result of the impact of the adoption on farmers' output was found to be negative, though not significant. This could be attributed to improper adoption or practices of the technologies by the farmers. It was also discovered that about 27% of the adopters fell below the poverty line ($183.25) and were therefore regarded as poor while about 67% of the non-adopters fell below the poverty line ($102.21) and can therefore be described as poor. FGT poverty index was then used to show the extent of poverty among the farming households and it was found that the adopters of agroforestry technology were faring better than the non-adopters of agroforestry technology.
This study was conducted to determine the factors influencing the disadoption of Moringa oleifera among farming households in Oyo State, Nigeria. Primary data were collected through the use of structured questionnaires for this study. Descriptive and quantitative techniques were used for the analysis of survey data. Result revealed that the level of disadoption of Moringa in the study area was high whereas those that are still cultivating moringa still realizes income it. Also, the respondents indicated that low return on investment on moringa oleifera, low demand of moringa oleifera products such as leaf and seeds, low sale of moringa products, inadequate processing equipment, and inadequate marketing channels and over hyped health benefit of moringa products were factors contributing to the disadoption of moringa oleifera cultivation.The study revealed that age,membership of farmers’ association, non-farm income, and access to extension and involvement of the farmers in other agroforestry practices were significant factors influencing the disadoption of moringa in the study area. However, membership of farmers’ association and access to extension services significantly influence the probability of disadoption of moringa cultivation negatively. This study therefore recommends that there shouldbe further awareness on the benefits of moringa in order to increase demand for moringa and its product and that farmers should be encouraged to join Moringa farmers group in order to network with other farmers and to access information. Keywords: Dis-Adoption, Moringa oleifera, Probit and Oyo State.
Forest legislation enforcement is a fundamental strategy needed for the regulation of use and development of forest reserves. Effective law enforcement is necessary for continued production of goods and services. However, gaps have been noticed in the forest legislations' enforcement in the study area. Simple random sampling was used to select 93 forest dwellers from 3 purposively selected adjoining communities in Onigambari forest reserve: Onigambari (28), Busogboro (38) and Onipe (27). Samples were drawn in proportionate to sizes. A set of questionnaire was used to obtain data on factors responsible for weakness in enforcement of forest legislations and various benefits being derived by the host community dwellers from the use of forest reserve irrespective of the existence of forest legislations. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logit regression at α0.05. Respondents were 42±13.7 years, mostly male (75.9%) and married (81.9%). The identified factors responsible for weakness in enforcement of forest legislations included low activities of extension agents (77%) and lack of effective supervision by the representatives of the State governments (Managers). Benefits being derived by the forest dwellers were achievement of sustainable forest production, employment generation and attention to road network with odd-ratios, 62.18, 2.10 and 1.70 respectively. The study substantiate the existence of weakness in enforcement of forest legislations in Onigambari forest reserve and also revealed an array of benefits being derived by the forest dwellers. Therefore for continuity and improvement in the goods and services provided by the reserve, it is necessary for the government to build institutional capacity so as to fostering better enforcement of forest legislations and compliance.
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