Soil contamination has become a serious problem in many industrialized and developing countries. Indiscriminate dumping of urban and industrial effluents along with solid waste often lead to toxic accumulation of heavy metal ions which not only impair soil productivity but also cause health hazards by entering into food chain via soil-plant-animal/human route. With rapid urbanization and industrialization, large quantities of industrial effluents get mixed with sewage and river water [1]. Irrigating crop fields with such contaminated sewage water is being increasingly adopted by marginal farmers due to scarcity of irrigation water. It also inadvertently leads to addition of large quantity of heavy metals to the agro ecosystem [2]. Plants with abilities to hyperaccumulate, accumulate, exclude and indicate heavy metals are important in environmental remediation. Most phytoremediation studies are aimed at inorganic pollutants through different approaches defined as phytoextraction (the used of metal accumulating plants to transport and concentrate metals from the soil to roots and above ground biomass), rhizofiltration (the use of plant roots to absorb, precipitate, and concentrate toxic metals from polluted effluents), and phytostabilization (the use of plants to reduce the mobility of metals)
An experiment was conducted to study the effect of preharvest sprays of calcium compounds and growth regulator on sapota trees at 50 % of the fruit maturity (4 months after fruit set). Various physical parameters like physiological loss in weight, number of days for ripening, firmness, ripening, shelf life, spoilage were estimated. Among these treatments results proved that pre-harvest spray of Gibberellic acid 1000 ppm (T 5 ) on sapota exhibited low PLW (7.34 %) and highest shelf life (12.67 days). Pre-harvest spray of Calcium chloride 2% (T 2 ) showed maximum firmness (0.26 kg/cm 2 ), minimum ripening percent (75.89 %). Pre-harvest spray of Calcium chloride 1% (T 1 ) showed minimum spoilage (58.23 %), pre-harvest spray of Calcium nitrate 1% (T 3 ) and Calcium nitrate 2% (T 4 ) showed highest number of days taken for ripening (9.17 days).
This study investigates the effect of packaging materials on physical parameters of sapota Cv. kalipatti. Ten different treatments involving five packaging materials, out of which four packaging materials were of 100 guage each with 1% and 2% ventilations, one gunny bag and control( no packaging) were tried in completely randomized design with three replications. Fruits packed with LDPE 200 guage with 2% ventilation (T7) recorded minimum physiological loss in weight (6.97%), maximum number of days for ripening (8.75 days), firmness (1.65 kg/cm2). While maximum ripening percentage (73.89%) was observed in gunny bag (T1).
The present investigation was carried out at PG laboratory in College of Horticulture, Rajendranagar during 2016-2017 and 2017-2018. The experiment was carried out in Completely Randomized Design with three replications. The physical parameters like physiological loss in weight (PLW), number of days for ripening, firmness, ripening percentage, shelf life, and spoilage were estimated. PLW, firmness and spoilage were estimated at 3 days interval during ripening. The data on physical parameters showed that there was significant influence of post harvest application of antioxidants and polyamines on shelf-life of sapota. Fruits treated with BA @ 100 ppm (T 2 ) recorded lower PLW (17.76%), maximum number of days for ripening (8.50 days), and minimum spoilage where as shelf life (12.17 days) and firmness (1.95 kg cm -2 ), were higher in BA @ 100 ppm (T 2 ) treated fruits during both the years and in pooled data respectively.
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