Preoperative diagnosis of jaw lesions is not always possible on the basis of clinico-radiological findings alone and needs to be confirmed before attempting any surgical intervention. Fibro-osseous lesions of the jaw comprise a spectrum of diseases which include cement-osseous dysplasia, fibrous dysplasia, and ossifying fibroma. The cytomorphological distinction between these individual entities is difficult. We present a case of maxillary fibro-osseous lesion in an adolescent girl diagnosed and categorized as juvenile ossifying fibroma preoperatively on cytology and confirmed on histopathology. Although aspirates are usually paucicellular in fibro-osseous lesions, certain cytological features if present in cellular cytosmears can offer further categorization and a definitive diagnosis may be possible in light of clinico-radiological correlation.

Malakoplakia is a rare chronic granulomatous inflammatory disease, related to immune deficiency and impaired bactericidal macrophage activity. Common sites of involvement include urinary bladder and kidney followed by gastrointestinal tract. We present an unusual case of abdominal malakoplakia diagnosed preoperatively on ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). It presented as a large locally aggressive mass with extensive involvement of multiple bowel loops in an 18-year-old boy following blunt trauma to the abdomen. The demonstration of calcified laminated intracytoplasmic Michaelis-Gutman bodies in histiocytes is a reliable diagnostic feature of malakoplakia on FNAC smears, which can guide an appropriate medical management.

Neck swellings are commonest incidental findings that are present in all age groups. Objective of the current research was to study the diagnostic accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology in neck swellings keeping histopathology as gold standard. Material and methods: This is a prospective study conducted from January 2017 to December 2017 comprising of 70 cases of neck lesions who underwent FNAC at Adesh Hospital Bathinda. Histopathological diagnosis was considered as gold standard. Efficacy of FNAC was determined in terms of sensitivity, specificity, Positive predictive value, Negative Predictive value and diagnostic accuracy. Results: Sensitivity, specificity, Positive predictive value, Negative Predictive value and diagnostic accuracy were 83.33%, 100%, 100%, 98.46% and 98.57%. Conclusion: FNAC should be treated as a first-line diagnostic test for neck swellings. As maximum number of cases of head and neck lesions are nonneoplastic, FNAC can avoid unnecessary surgeries.