The Russian lexemes « dame » and « lady » which were borrowed from European languages to designate wealthy, educated and high society women became assimilated in the Russian language and culture. The words gave rise to culture-oriented colocations (кaвaлерственaя дaмa/ chivalry dame), and developed new connotations, which the lexeme «женщинa»/ woman does not have. In addition to neutral and positive connotations (“истиннaя леди”/ true lady), the lexemes acquired negative connotations like “дaмa полусветa”/ demimondaine dame, which indicate to the woman’s inferior social status (полковaя дaмa/ regimental dame), highlight women’s weaknesses not inherent to men (aвтоледи/ auto lady), and stereotypical ideas of women’s low intellect (дaмский ромaн/ love story). The inherent and adherent connotations of the lexemes «дaмa»/ dame and «леди»/ lady revealed through analysis are based on traditional stereotypical ideas about women’s social roles and imply evaluation of the woman’s performance in traditionally male spheres. Thereby, acquisition of negative and ironic connotations by the lexemes is conditioned in society denying women’s new functions and roles from feminist perspective.
Василевич А.П., Молчанова Д.В. Московский государственный областной университет ОПЫТ ОПИСАНИЯ СТРУКТУРЫ КОНЦЕПТА В РУССКОЙ И АНГЛИЙСКОЙ ЯЗЫКОВОЙ КАРТИНАХ ПО РЕЗУЛЬТАТАМ РЕЦЕПТИВНОГО ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТААннотация. В статье описывается рецептивный эксперимент, в котором англоязычным и русскоязычным респондентам предлагалось дать определение концептам "lady" и «леди» соответственно. Полученные данные в полной мере отражают фактуальную информа-цию о названных концептах. Сопоставление этих данных со словарными дефинициями выявляет ряд семантем, представленных в языковом сознании носителей обоих языков, но не включённых в словари. Списки выделенных категорий в двух языках оказались практически идентичными и различались только величиной «удельного веса» некоторых категорий. Ключевые слова: концепт, понятийные характеристики, lady, леди, рецептивный экспе-римент. A. Vasilevich, D. Molchanova Moscow State Regional University THE PERCEPTION EXPERIMENT AS A MEANS TO FURNISH THE DESCRIPTION OF A CONCEPT IN RUSSIAN AND ENGLISH LINGUISTIC WORLD IMAGESAbstract. The paper describes the perception experiment in which English-and Russian-speaking subjects defined the concepts "lady" and «леди» correspondingly. The experimental data reveal in full the factual information about the two concepts. By matching the data with the respective dictionary definitions we detected some concept characteristics that are missing in dictionaries though they are inherent in the language consciousness of both English and Russian native speakers. The lists of seme categories in the two languages are very much alike and differ only in the number of individual responses clustered within certain categories.
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