In this work, an analysis has been done on extended surfaces with various geometries to identify the better heat transfer rate. The geometries of extended surfaces namely – bar fins, stepped fins, stepped fins with indentations have been modelled, investigated and studied. Based on the design identification and numerical analysis the extended surfaces with increases surface area has increased heat transfer. From numerical data the fins with indentations has increased surface area and heat transfer. The indentations have been designed with varying diameter used in the fins are 4mm, 3mm, 2mm respectively and analysed using a fixed computational method. It is found that the spherical notches with varying diameter were more effective than the other fins and making the notches increases the heat transfer was much effective than increasing the diameter of the indentation in the stepped fin. This work shows the design, analysis, and result of some extended surface geometries with fixed input boundary condition.
Natural fibers were given a lot of respect over synthetic ones in terms of sustainability. Application of natural fibers is superior to synthetics because they can be achieved cheaply and they have an environmental advantage. The usage time is usually shorter, often being fully or partially recyclable or biodegradable. There are wide varieties of natural fibers which can be reinforced to form composites and used for various applications. Combinatorial, or silicate, substances that can be made of a broad range of properties which is not derived a single resource. The reinforcement of fibers within the matrix becomes easy, only when the fibers are extracted from the plants, hence the extraction process is necessary in fiber reinforcement. There are various methods of fiber extraction, which include mechanical decortications, water retting process and manual extraction method. The extraction of fibers involves the retting process which is followed by the decortication process. From the above various methods, a suitable extraction method is selected based on the parts of the plant from which the fiber is to be extracted. Choice of extraction method governs the characteristics and properties of composites fabricated out of it. This review paper discusses the various methods of extraction and the feasibility of its application for various plants and fibers.
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