Lungs and lymph nodes of 79 Atlantic bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) that died from 6 August 1987 to 16 April 1988 along the Atlantic coasts of New Jersey, Virginia, and
Detection systems for chicken anemia virus (CAV) antigen in paraffin sections were evaluated. Mouse monoclonal antibodies to CAV used in conjunction with an avidin-biotin-peroxidase-complex detection system gave best results. Immunoreactivity of CAV was markedly affected by fixation. Fixation in neutral buffered formalin for 6 hours gave best results. Use of decalcifying fluid containing formic acid eliminated immunoreactivity of CAV, whereas use of an EDTA solution did not. In a sequential study, CAV antigen and lesions were first detected in bone marrow, thymus, and spleen at days 3-4 postinoculation (PI). Subsequently, antigen and/or cells containing nuclear inclusions were found in many tissues, but usually within lymphoid tissue therein. Thymus, spleen, bone marrow, proventriculus, and ascending duodenum contained most antigen. No antigen was detected after 26 days PI. The results indicated that CAV replicates in thymic lymphoblasts, intra- and extra-sinusoidal hemocytoblasts, and reticular cells, with consequent lymphocytic depletion of the thymic cortex and hypoplasia of the bone marrow, and that CAV antigen is widely distributed in the body.
The production, preliminary characterisation and applications of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against six porcine circovirus 2 isolates are described. A total of 14 stable hybridomas were produced, of which 7 were characterised. All of the mabs characterised were of IgG isotype. All the mabs tested reacted by IIF with acetone-fixed cell cultures infected with PCV2 isolates from Canada, France, Spain, Denmark, USA and UK. No cross-reactivity with a porcine circovirus 1 field isolate was demonstrated using the panel of mabs tested. In addition, one of the seven mabs tested demonstrated neutralising activity against PCV2 isolates from Canada and France. The use of selected PCV2-specific mabs for the development of virus detection methodologies is described.
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