Background:
Folkloric profile of Delonix regia demonstrates its use in the management of diabetes. Objective: Present study was conducted to evaluate the antidiabetic potential, improvement in oxidative stress along with safety profile of the aerial part extracts of Delonix regia.
Methods:
Phytochemical screening, total phenolic, flavonoid contents along with in-vitro antioxidant and alpha amylase inhibitory activity was determined. HPLC analysis, acute toxicity, glucose tolerance, in-vivo antidiabetic effect along with influence on biochemical, oxidative stress parameters and comet assay of active extract was performed.
Results:
Total phenolic (831.6±0.002 mg/g GAE) and flavonoid (361.4±0.002 mg/g QE) contents were found to be higher in methanolic extract. inhibitory concentration IC50 exhibits better results for methanolic extract in DPPH (47.6µg/mL) and alpha amylase inhibitory (14.61µg/mL) assays. HPLC analysis of methanolic extract confirmed the presence of quercetin, gallic acid, caffeic acid, cinnamic acid, ferulic acid and p-coumeric acid. Acute oral toxicity exhibits no mortality and morbidity during 24h period. Methanolic extract exhibits better tolerance to glucose. Streptozotocin-nicotinamide (55-110 mg/kg) induced hyperglycemia declined along with improvement in hematological, biochemical parameters and oxidative stress markers (SOD, CAT, H202) in a dose dependent manner. Maximum effect was recorded at 500mg/kg dose. Comet assay was performed for genotoxic studies and it was observed that methanolic extract of Delonix regia showed maximum genoprotective effect at 100µg/mL.
Conclusions:
The findings suggest that methanolic aerial part extract exhibits hypoglycemic, antioxidant and hypolipidemic activity. Antidiabetic effect was comparable to glibenclamide suggesting its therapeutic use as a natural antidiabetic remedy.
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