A novel type of spatial modulational instability induced by the dynamical interaction of two strongly coupled fundamental and harmonic fields in a second-order nonlinear optical material is demonstrated experimentally. This phenomenon is explained theoretically on the basis of a one-dimensional Floquet theory. At high intensities, the formation of a 1D solitary wave lattice is superseded by the onset of 2D modulational instabilities.
By using a direct method for obtaining exact solutions of the nonlinear Schrodinger equation that describes the evolution of spatial or temporal optical solitons, a two-parameter family of solutions is given.These exact solutions describe the periodic wave patterns that are generated by the spatial or temporal modulational instability, the periodic evolution of the bright solitons superimposed onto a continuouswave background, and the breakup of a single pulse into two dark waves which move apart with equal and opposite transverse components of the velocities. PACS number(s): 42.50.Rh Temporal or spatial optical solitons have been the subject of much interest in the past few years because of both their scientific and their practical importance [1 -17] (for a recent review, see [18]). Potential applications in the field of optical switching devices and high-rate fiber-optic communication links can be easily anticipated. Temporal solitons in optical fibers are pulses which propagate without changing their form (or a change which is at most periodic) as a result of a balance between nonlinearly induced self-phase-modulation and group-velocity dispersion [1 -10]. It is well known that threedimensional propagation of intense laser beams leads to catastrophic breakdown owing to the self-focusing instability, i.e. , at high powers, self-focusing overcomes
We give a direct method for obtaining exact solutions of the modified nonlinear Schrodinger equation iu, +u», "+2p~u~u+2iq (~u~'u) =0 describing the propagation of light pulses in optical fibers. By using a suggestive particlelike description, we classify all the obtained analytical solutions into one of the following categories: the "algebraic" soliton, the one-soliton solution, the bright solitary waves, and the regular periodic solutions which are very important from the physical point of view.PACS number(s): 42.65.Vh, 42.50.Rh, 03.65.Ge
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