Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) is one of the most prevalent viral diseases in all major soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] growing areas worldwide, causing substantial yield losses and seed quality deterioration in soybean. Seven strain groups of SMV (G1–G7) in the United States and three resistance loci (Rsv1, Rsv3, and Rsv4) have been identified in soybean. The objective of this research was to screen diverse soybean germplasm in attempt to identify new alleles for SMV resistance. A total of 253 soybean accessions collected from 26 countries were screened with six SMV strains in the greenhouse. The results showed that 157 accessions were susceptible to all six tested SMV strains, 75 accessions were resistant to some of strains, while 21 accessions were resistant to all strains tested. Among the resistant accessions, seven showed complete resistance to six strains and presumably carried Rsv1‐h, Rsv4, or combinations of Rsv1, Rsv3, and Rsv4; 14 showed resistance or early seedling stage resistance to six strains and presumably carried the Rsv4 allele; 50 accessions exhibited similar reaction patterns to known alleles: two Rsv1, 22 Rsv1‐k, 16 Rsv1‐y, one Rsv1‐t, and nine Rsv3 Twenty‐five accessions showed distinct reaction patterns and presumably carry new alleles. The resistant accessions identified in this study will be valuable germplasm resources for breeding SMV resistance.
In order to explore the genetic diversity of the extremely small population wild plant Habenaria dentata and protect and optimize its wild resources. The genetic diversity of 133 samples from 6 wild populations of H.dentata was analyzed by ISSR molecular marker technique to provide a scientific basis for the screening of improved germplasm resources. The results show that the average number of alleles (Na) was 1.765, the average number of effective alleles (Ne) was 1.424, the average Nei 's gene diversity index (He) was 0.252, the average Shannon information diversity index (I) was 0.381, and the average percentage of polymorphic loci (PPL) was 76.499%. The variation within populations was 77.34%, and the variation between populations was 22.66%. Gene flow (Nm) was 1.705 8, greater than 1. The results of cluster analysis showed that the six populations were mainly divided into four branches and not classified according to geographical location. There was no significant correlation between geographical location and genetic distance between populations (r=0.557, P>0.05). The genetic diversity of H.dentata is high. Among the six wild populations, the genetic diversity of Mulun population is the highest and this population can be used as a key protection unit.
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