Although the balance between the number of primary care physicians and the number of specialists has been the subject of much attention, there has been little investigation of the quality and cost-effectiveness of various provider groups. To a large extent, dermatologic care is rendered by primary care physicians. In this study, the ability of primary care physicians to recognize the 20 most frequently encountered dermatoses was examined. Results indicate that, in comparison to dermatologists, primary care physicians are deficient in their ability to recognize common dermatoses. This study emphasizes the need for reevaluation of the training and, possibly, manner in which health care is delegated to personnel who deal with cutaneous disease.