About 50 levels of V below 3.2 MeV have been studied with 9to 15-keV resolution via the V5~(d, t)V5, Cr~( d, e)V, and Ti4 (He~, p)V reactions. Angular distributions were taken (at 16 MeV) for the V~( d, t) reactions and (at 17 MeV) for Cr5 (d, e)V . (d, t) and (d, o. ) l values were extracted by comparison with distorted-wave Born-approximation calculations. For most of the levels seen, direct-reaction selection rules lead to narrow limits for the finalstate spins, and in a few cases to unique J~a ssignments. The spectroscopic information for the lowest levels was compared with shell-model predictions, and qualitative agreement was found. The lowest negative-parity states seen were above 2 MeV. Little 2p strength was found in the pickup experiments, and strong suppression of (d, e) transitions to J =(even)' states suggests that the low-lying states of V~a re predominantly of (f&f2)" configuration.However, a comparison with the (d, o) spectrum for the particle-hole conjugate nucleus Sc46 shows that these nuclei are more dissimilar than a simple (f&~2)" model would suggest.
The Pd 105 (d, /)Pd 104 and Ag m (p, a)Pd 104 pickup reactions were studied at bombarding energies of 17 and 12 MeV, respectively. Tritons were detected by nuclear emulsions in an Enge split-pole spectrograph with 5-7-keV resolution, and 43 {d, t) angular distributions were measured for transitions to low-lying levels in Pd 104 . Comparison of the (d, t) data with distorted-wave Born-approximation (DWBA) calculations predominantly led to I = 0, 2, and 4 assignments and yielded spectroscopic factors and quantitative estimates for single-neutron state occupancies. A previously postulated doublet at 1.33 MeV was resolved as a nearly degenerate triplet, in agreement with the two-phonon description for collective vibrations. Further evidence for the vibrational structure of the low-lying levels of Pd 104 might be furnished by the well-isolated multiplet near 1.80 MeV, which may contain some or all of the members of the three-phonon quintet. In the (p t a) experiment, cross sections were found to be very small (<20 /zb/sr), and thick targets had to be used which limited the resolution to 40 keV for Si detector data and < 30 keV for magnetic spectrograph analysis. (p, a) angular distributions are given for the four strongest groups below 2 MeV. Very good agreement between the experimental results and ./-dependent DWBA calculations based on a triton-cluster transfer mechanism supports the interpretation that direct pickup is the dominant (p, a) reaction process in this mass and energy region.
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