A magnifying fiber element with an array of sub-wavelength Ge/ZnSe pixel waveguides for infrared imaging Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 021108 (2012) Embedded calibration system for the DIII-D Langmuir probe analog fiber optic links Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 10D710 (2012) Analytical analysis of modulation instability in fiber optics AIP Advances 2, 022168 (2012) Atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier microplasmas inside hollow-core optical fibers
Silica layers doped with fluorine have been deposited inside a quartz glass tube from a
SiCl4/SiF4/O2
gas mixture. The oxidation reaction was initiated by a nonisothermal microwave plasma maintained at pressures of about 10 Torr and wall temperatures in the region of 1000°–1100°C. From the experiments it was found that fluorine was incorporated in the silica deposit, producing layers with a lower refractive index than that of pure silica. Although the reaction to form
SiO2
from a
SiF4/O2
gas mixture is different from that with
SiCl4/O2
, the efficiency of the deposition reaction with
SiCl4/SiF4/O2
is comparable to that with
SiCl4/O2
.
Codeposition of glassy silica and germania inside a tube reactor has been studied with the aid of a microwave discharge. The plasma enhances the reaction rate of the reactions
SiCl4+O2→SiO2+2Cl2
and
GeCl4+O2→GeO2 +2Cl2
which are negligibly small at the applied wall temperature of ∼1000°C. With an excess of oxygen, both reactions result in complete conversion to
SiO2
and
GeO2
, respectively. A SEM analysis of the codeposit of both oxides shows that their deposition kinetics are different. This has a marked effect on the distribution of the refractive index within a single layer. However, when the layer is formed by building up some thousands of individual layers, on an average scale the deposit no longer reflects the deposition kinetics but only the gas phase composition.
Die Wechselwirkung zwischen Wasserstoff und einer reinen Ni(110)‐Oberfläche wurde in einer UHV‐Apparatur mittels Messung des Kontaktpotentials, thermischer Desorption, LEED und Massenspektrometrie untersucht. Die Adsorption erfolgt zunächst in einem eindimensional geordneten α‐Zustand mit einer Adsorpticnsenergie von 19,5 kcal/mol, die weitgehend unabhängig vom Bedeckungsgrad ist. Dieser α‐Zustand wandelt sich langsam in einen um 10 kcal/mcl fester gebundenen β‐Zustand mit zweidimensionaler Ordnung (1 · 2‐Struktur) um. Die Kinetik der Adsorption und Desorption wurde mit einem Relaxationsverfahren über die Messung des Kontaktpotentials im Detail studiert. Die H2/D2‐Austauschreaktion verläuft bei Zimmertemperatur sehr schnell und nach dem Eley‐Rideal‐Mechanismus, wobei sich der Übergang α → β auch in einem Abfall der Austauschgeschwindigkeit bemerkbar macht.
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