A dose-texture plot is a print of dose values on the points of interest in a super-plane. The super-plane is a moving frame across the treatment depth-surface(s) with a fixed distance from surgical bed. The moving frame has an axis tangent to the midline of two neighboring catheters and the other axis perpendicular to the midline. By setting the scales of the two axes in units of the dwell step-size and the local distance between the two catheters, we can easily locate the basal-dose points with pairs of integers. A dose-texture plot on the basal-dose points in the super-plane provides the dose and location information in one picture. Such a picture can concisely represent the dose distribution in the treatment depth and allows us to quickly and quantitatively evaluate the effect of the source-dwell times and positions. This treatment-planning-evaluation tool has been used for development of an iteration optimization algorithm. The results of the iteration optimization on clinical cases demonstrated significant improvements over the optimization algorithms used in a commercial planning system.

In this paper, we suggest the spacer formation method in the field emission display (FED) using glass-to-glass anodic bonding, which has been well known in the area of vacuum sealing and mounting of micro devices. It can offer very clean process without generating gases during vacuum sealing. This aligning and mounting method of high aspect ratio spacers can be a prospective technique having advantages of easy alignment, high strength, and short process time. We have designed the bonding tool that is capable of aligning and bonding of spacers. The diode-type FED panel with spacer of 80 width was successfully fabricated and operated at 1000 V DC.