This paper describes seven different methods of calibrating optical particle sizing instruments based on single particle scattering theory. The results presented were obtained from a Laser Doppler Anemometer (LDA) using two concentric probe volumes of different diameters and colours. Measurements of the Doppler signal frequency, amplitude and visibility can yield the absolute particle size and velocity of individual particles providing that the optics and processor are correctly designed and implemented.
The requirements for signal processing without validation bias are discussed together with the use of a Doppler signal generator for testing the processor. Calibration of the system is then described using a scanning pinhole unit, calibration plate and aerosols of bronze spheres. The other techniques described are the use of glass spheres mounted on thin stalks, Berglund‐Lui monodisperse particle generator and latex spheres entrained in a recirculating cell. The discussion indicates the sizing range over which the above techniques are applicable. This covers a total size range from 1 micron to 1 millimetre.
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